Coaching - qualities of an effective coach and coaching styles

Styles of coaching

Authoritarian – style focused on control

This style of coaching focuses on the coach being in control. Commonly, the

coach is strict and disciplined with a ‘do as I say’ mentality. Within this style, the

coach is responsible for all decision making, there is little communication from

athletes. In a sense, authoritarian coaching focuses on winning and has little

flexibility in coaching operations.

This style of coaching is common in team games, particularly men’s team

games. Authoritarian coaching is questioned in terms of the motivation it

causes for athletes/teams.

Democratic – style focused on cooperation

This style of coaching focuses on communication between coaches and

athletes. It is an athlete centred style where decision making is shared and

interaction is high. Positive relationships can be formed and arguably motivation

is high when this style of coaching is used.

Coaches utilising the democratic coaching style need to be wary of their

status as coach. If coaches become too friendly with their athletes they may

risk losing their credibility.

Laissez Fairre – casual style

This style of coaching is the most laid-back style with less dedication to the

task of coaching and more focus on enjoyment and participation in organised

sport. Within this style, the decision making power lies with athletes. This style can

cause frustration due to the lack of organisation and commitment in coaching.

Athletes with potential may not be realised due to the informal and relaxed

approach of laissez fairre coaching.

The three styles; authoritarian, democratic and laissez fairre, are extremes in the coaching spectrum. Coaches tend to combine elements of the styles to create their own, specific to their personality and coaching ideals. For example, a coach using the authoritarian style may

adopt a ‘selling’ attitude, and rather then simply ‘tell’ athletes what to do, they may define, explain and encourage specific tasks.

There are advantages and disadvantages to each style of coaching. The majority of successful coach/athlete sporting partnerships feature a combination of the styles where coaches and athletes contribute with ideas and suggestions and share decision making powers.

A coach is an individual involved in instructing, teaching, leading, guiding and training individuals or teams in sport or physical activity.

Coaching occurs in many realms of sport from recreational to professional levels. The role of a coach is to improve player performance and build on the potential of an individual and/or team.

What makes an effective coach?

COACHING

Activity - In your book, list the qualities that you believe make an effective coach.

Qualities of an effective coach

Leadership skills

Knowledge of the sport & activity

A positive role model

Organisational & managerial skills

Performance-related knowledge

Observations & communication skills

Knowledge of & adherence to, the coaches code of conduct