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Transcript

Why were the Bolsheviks able to consolidate their control of Russia, 1917 - 1924?

Getting control of peasants

treaty of Brest-litovsk

Precarious government position

  • A socialist revolutionary leader gave the party "no more than a few days"
  • A Menshevik leader gave it "three weeks"
  • No guarantee that the central government could get its decisions carried out

Political Misjudgements

  • Socialist revolutionaries didn't take action because they thought the Bolshevik government would collapse quickly and the Constituent Assembly would triumph
  • Underestimated the Bolshevik's capacity to survive

Striking civil servants and demonstrations

  • Over the capital civil servants mounted protest strikes the state bank refused to hand over any money
  • The money was much needed by the Russian government

Workers and peasants were distracted

  • Declining living conditions and disillusion with revolution made it difficult to rouse anyone to action
  • The attention of urban workers was more focused on keeping their own factories going and keeping their jobs
  • Peasants only concerned with land; what was going on in the cities was largely irrelevant to them

End of the War

  • The Decree on Peace was signed on 26 October
  • Russian army at the front disintegrated rapidly as soldiers rushed home
  • This meant the German army was free to walk into Russia and take what they want
  • The army could not be used against the Bolsheviks by the generals
  • There were peace negotiations made at Brest-Litovsk which kept the peace

Getting Control of Peasants

  • The Bolsheviks' position was extremely precarious
  • The Bolsheviks introduced some decrees straight away without the Soviet's permission
  • LAND DECREE: Peasants could take any land they liked. It belonged to the 'entire people'
  • WORKERS' CONTROL DECREE: Factory committees controlled finance and production
  • RIGHTS OF THE PEOPLE OF RUSSIA DECREE: Self-determination to national minorities

opposing parties

  • The Kadet party - did well in Consituent Assembly elections
  • The Right Wing Socialist Revolutionaries
  • Leaders of the Bourgeois counter revolution

Attacking oppostion

  • Denounced and outlawed the Kadet party
  • Lenin set up Cheka - force of dedicated Bolshevik supporters who provided dependable security
  • Lenin encouraged class warfare to deal with the leaders of the counter revolution
  • Right Wing Socialist Revolutionaries and Mensheviks were put in prison

ISSUES

SOLUTIONS

Collapse of the army

Officers and conservative forces couldn't count on any loyal troops to attack the Bolsheviks

  • Patriotic Russians didn't agree with giving away large chunks of the Russian homeland this encouraged people to join anti-Bolshevik forces
  • It caused splits in the Bolshevik party
  • Left Wing Socialist Revolutionaries who wanted to fight a revolutionary war left the Sovnarkom

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

Political Misjudgements

End of the War

SOLUTIONS

ISSUES

Opposing Parties

Precarious Government position

MAIN FACTORS

ISSUES

SOLUTIONS

Striking Civil Servants and Demonstrations

ISSUES

SOLUTIONS

Immie :)

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SOLUTIONS

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SOLUTIONS

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