Copy of Tsunami of 2004

Physical

What physical damage and enviromental effects resulted from this event?

Environmental

-Destroyed thousands of buildings and swept away boats and vehicles.

-Left millions of people homeless.

-Destroyed roads, bridges, sewage systems, homes, hotels, and schools.

-Epidemics were occuring.

-Hospitals were destroyed.

* Salt water contaminated sources of drinking water.

* Ruined farmland, and killed farm animals.

* Damaged coral reefs, forests, and plant life.

* Costal erosion, damage of fish habitats, contamination of sewage.

What have people learned from this event to reduce future risks?

How do people use

technology to reduce

the risks associated with

events like this one?

How do people

forecast future

events like this?

Where?

-We use sensors, monitoring devices, and satellites.

-when researchers connect sensors to buoys and the sea floor they are able to predict tsunamis.

-Although scientists have this technology at their fingertips, it is still very hard to predict earthquakes and tsunamis.

-Scientists insert tsunami monitoring and detection equipment on buoys and on the sea floor.

-One method they can use to detect it is through varying pressure of water as waves pass overhead.

-When the sensors detect something abnormal, a tsunami warning and protection goes into place.

-Current instruments are able to detect abnormal pressures equivalent to 1 cm of water.

-Sensors at the bottom of the ocean can send data practically real-time to people on land.

-The sensors under the sea are linked to buoys that transmit the data to satellites.

-Then the information travels as fast as a text to wherever it is needed most.

-Once all the data is collected, people who are on the chain of warning can decide what to do.

It occured in the Indian Ocean off

the coast of Indonesia. The epicenter

of the quake was in northern Sumatra. It

also affected coastal areas of Southeast

Asia, South Asia, and East Africa.

When?

When, Where, and how did the event occur?

The tsunami occured on

December 26, 2004 at 7:58 a.m

local time. It was on a sunday.

How?

At the site giant forces had been

building up for hundreds of years.

When the forces gave way it triggered

an extreamly powerful undersea earthquake.

Energy from the earthquake jolted the

seabed upward, displacing huge amounts of

water. This series of quakes started a tsunami that sent massive waves toward

land.

Tsunami of 2004

What caused it?

Plates

-Burma sub plate

-Eurasian plate

-Indo-Australian

-Indian

The movement of the Indo-Australian plate formed a seismic boundary as it collided with the Burma sub plate. The Indian plate had been drifting in a north/northeast direction for years. As a result of the collision of the Eurasian and Australian tectonic plates, the Indian plate’s eastern boundary is a diffuse zone of seismicity. Eventually the Indian plate slid under the Burma plate, this process has been going on for millions of years. The fault between the plates suddenly slipped a rupture 1,200 kilometers long.

How did it impact society?

What was learned from this disaster?

1. It can happen.

2. It can happen here.

3. It can happen quickly.

4. Disater is not inevitable.

* 1. - It can devestate life, poverty, infastructure, and economic balence for generations to come.

* 2. - Tectionic settings off the northwest coast of North America are the same as the ones of the coast of Indonesia; government officials and others are informing civilians of the threats...Indonesia should do this.

* 3. - There could be fewer then 20 min. to develop, broadcast, and respond to a warning.

* 4. - Many systems for safty and warning are maintained in the U.S.

-Depended on fishing for their livelihood.

-Thousands of fishing boats were destroyed, which was a horrible fate for those who depended on fishing.

-People have farming as their livelihood.

-Crops were destroyed and farm animals were killed.

-The money in damage is estimated to be a total of billions of dollars.

-Major cities and factories escaped damage so the damage on the economy in places like Indonesia and India is expected to be small. -Smaller places like Sri Lanka should suffer greatly.

-In areas of major tourism, the economy is to be severely affected.

1. The need for risk assessment of threatened communities is compelling.

2. Effective tsunami detection, forecasting and warning demand networks of working sensors.

3. Warnings must provide clear instruction and must reach everyone at risk.

4. Measures taken to reduce the threat of tsunamis and earthquakes must be adopted as parts of

a comprehensive all-hazards plan.

5. International efforts to reduce the threat of tsunamis and other hazards must address both

national and regional challenges.

6. There is a critical need to invest in organization and preparation for and response to hazard

events.

7. Research should enable better understanding and predictive capability for the future.

What happend during the

event to affect human lives?

Dead in All:

228,000

Andaman and Nicobar Islands: 3,500

Somalia: 300

Indonesia: 168,000

Sri Lanka: 35,000

India: 16,000

Thailand: 8,000

Tens of Thousands of children were killed.

40 different countries around the world reported

some of their civilians died. This was because

tourist were visiting on the day of the event.

How did people respond to the this event?

* Governments in many countries, privite organizations and individuals donated money, food, water, clothing, and medical suppliys to the countries hit.

* Billions of dollars were donated or pledged from all over the world.

* Countries such as India, the United States, and Australia have provided military troops, ships, and aircraft for the relief effort.

* Many wealthy nations have offered to allow the tsunami-hit nations to delay their debt payments.

* Leaders and experts held a discussion to set up a tsunami warning system for the Indian Ocean.

* This new warning system will be modeled after the one in the Pacific Ocean.

When the ocean first started to recead many people remember old lessons about tsunamis and that recading water ment danger.