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Transition Metals vs. Group 1

Boiling Points

Quiz...

Group 1 = G | Transition = T

Higher melting point [ ] Lower melting point [ ]

Higher density [ ] Lower density [ ]

Stronger [ ] Weaker [ ]

Harder [ ] Softer [ ]

Colours of compounds

More reactive [ ] Less reactive [ ]

Produces hydrogen

with water [ ] Does not [ ]

Has colourful

compounds [ ] Does not [ ]

Transition metals tend to have more than one ion with different charges, which is why they form different coloured compounds. They are useful as catalysts.

Examples are: Iron (Fe 2+), Iron (Fe 3+) (they can be used as catalysts for making ammonia), Manganese (IV) Oxide, Nickel, etc

The boiling points of some group 1 metals are relatively high but compared to those of transition metals, they are seemingly low.

The boiling point of potassium (group 1) is 758.8 °C, while the boiling point of copper is 2,562 °C.

Melting Points

The melting points of elements in Group 1 are low while the melting points of transition metals are high, with the exception of mercury, which is a liquid at room temperature.

The melting point of potassium (group 1) is 63.38 °C, while copper has a melting point of 1,085 °C

Strength

The metals of group 1 are soft or liquid and therefore cannot withstand any force, while transition metals are strong and hard.

Densities

The density of group 1 metals is low, while the density of transition metals is high.

Evidence of this is that during the experiment of reactivity with water of group 1, a group 1 element floats on the water, whereas a transition metal would sink when placed in water.

Reactivity (with oxygen and water)

The lower down group 1, the more reactive the element and the lower its melting and boiling point. Group 1 metals produce hydrogen gas when reacting with water (pretty vigorously).

In contrast, transition metals have higher melting points and much less reactive so do not reach as vigorously with water or oxygen.

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