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eRGONOMIC iNJURIES

The four most common types of ergonomics-related pain are in the:

Back

Neck

Wrist

Shoulders

Neck

Back

Neck pain most commonly arises in office environments when the monitor is not the right height or distance.

Signs and symptoms include neck and shoulder stiffness and frequent headaches.

The top of the monitor should be aligned to your seated eye height and should be in line with the keyboard and mouse. Ensure your monitor is approximately an arm’s length away; larger monitors can be slightly further. Adjust the distance for your reading comfort.

Employees working in offices or sitting down for a long time at work may also be at risk for back pain. Sitting forward on your chair without using the backrest or having your knees above hip level contribute to back strains.

Sit all the way back in your chair, ensure your backrest supports your lumbar curve and take frequent standing or walking breaks.

Shoulder

Early signs and symptoms may include stiffness or early onset fatigue. Later symptoms may include numbness or tingling in hands and fingers or decreased grip strength.

For office workers, ensure your wrists are below elbow level and your keyboard is completely horizontal or tilted slightly negatively.

Wrist

Shoulder pain in office workers is commonly caused by the placement of the mouse and keyboard. If the mouse is too far away from the keyboard, your mousing shoulder is likely to be sore or stiff. Also, if the keyboard is too high, your shoulders will be elevated while keyboarding, increasing shoulder tension and contributing to headaches and neck pain.

Safety

Early symptoms include stiffness in shoulders and neck, while later symptoms involve reduced arm strength and shoulder pain.

Wrist pain is a common complaint in many work environments. Employees in offices, mail services, food services, landscapers, laboratory technicians and employees working with hand tools all complain about wrist pain.

Adjusting your keyboard height to encourage a 90-100 degree elbow angle while keyboarding. Use a smaller keyboard and bring the mouse closer to the keyboard and your elbow closer to your ribs, or consider switching the mouse to your left side. The mouse should be on the same platform as the keyboard.

Computer lab safety

Energy saving

Storage

Akta Keselamatan & Kesihatan Pekerja 1994 (OSHA)

Best practice

Display Screen Equipment Regulation 1992

TAKRIF KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN

Keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerjaan adalah suatu keadaan di mana seseorang pekerja memerlukan persekitaran kerja yang selamat dan sihat untuk dirinya dan orang-orang lain yang mungkin terjejas oleh aktiviti-aktivitinya.

Display Screen Equipment (DSE) is a device or equipment that has an alphanumeric or graphic display screen, regardless of the display process involved; it includes both conventional display screens and those used in emerging technologies such as laptops, touch-screens and other similar devices.

Management of Health & Safety at Work Regulations 1992

The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 (MHSW) consolidate previous regulations of the same name, together with previous regulations concerning new and expectant mothers at work, and previous regulations concerning young persons. However, there is very little change in substance which will affect departments/institutions/units.

Computer Risk

Ergonomic risk factors

Job activities involving any of the ergonomic risk factors below, either alone or in combination, may contribute to or result in an increased risk of strain and injury:

Awkward postures

Cold temperatures

Compression or contact stress

Forceful or static exertions

Lighting

Noise

Repetitive motions

Static postures

Vibration

Ergonomic injuries

Cumulative Trauma Injuries (CTD'S)

Cumulative trauma injury is collective terminology for what is commonly known as work-related disorders of the head and upper extremities.

collectively affect muscles, tendons, and ligament structures.

Caused by prolonged static postures and repeated dynamic body postures (repetitious movements) or the combination of both. These postures or combination of postures produce an overload of muscles beyond their inherent capacity for immediate recovery.

repetitive strain injury (RSI)

Cumulative Trauma Disorders of the Upper Extremity

General Terminology:

- repetitive strain injury (RSI)

- cumulative trauma disorder (CTD)

- overuse syndrome

Computer Health & Safety

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