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Speech communities and spoken and written discourse

what is speech community?

Factors to define speech community other than just language:

Speakers may not always be full members of particular speech community, but to a certain degree due to factors such as:

Speech community is broader than the term discourse community. It includes discourse communities and repertoire and verities of languages that members of the speech community use to interact with each other. Speech community is a term in sociolinguistics and linguistic anthropology for a group of people who use the same variety of a language, and who share specific rules for speaking and interpreting speech.

"In many ways," says George Yule, "speech is a form of social identity and is used, consciously or unconsciously, to indicate membership of different social groups or different speech communities" (The Study of Language, 5th ed., 2014).

1. Age of entry to the speech community.

2. The speech community’s attitudes and expectations toward the place of second language.

3. Speakers in the same speech community.

4. Educational or occupational opportunities or limitations in particular speech community.

5. Person’s degree of proficiency in the second language.

6. The extent to which they want to be a part of the second language speech community.

1. Social

2. Geographical

3. Cultural

4. Political

5. Race

6. Age

7. Gender

Conclusion :

Varieties of English:

How can communication succeed?

Speech communities may overlap or may quite separate from each other. Speakers have repertoire of social identities and speech community memberships which is connected to a particular kinds of verbal or non-verbal expressions.

Repertoire of language range, language varieties, style and registers we draw when we participate in spoken or written discourse can identify our linguistic behavior.

Australian, Babu, Canadian, Caribbean, Chicano, Chinese, Euro-English, Hinglish, Irish, Japanese, New Zealand, Nonstandard English, Philippine, Scottish, Singapore, South African, Spanglish, Standard American, Standard British, Standard English, Welsh, Zimbabwean

Communication may succeed when the speakers recognize or believe that they are part of the same speech community.

You can realize if you are talking to someone who has a different speech community through for example a mistake in the use of honorific.

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