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Paul T. Costa, Jr. & Robert R. McCrae

Biography

Robert R. McCrae (1949 - ?)

Paul T. Costa, Jr. (1942 - ?)

Founding Parents of

The Five-Factor

Model

Pre-"Big Five"

Early Life

  • Graduating psychology in Boston University
  • Adoring Cattell's psychometric technique
  • Had to work on factor-analysis alone. His former Professor was a clinician psychologist with no interest on trait theory
  • Moreover, throughout 60's-70's, Trait Theory was not American's ortgeist (see: Rotter & Mischel)
  • Published a book on humanistic personality theory with Maddi (1972)
  • Teaching in Harvard for two years, and University of Massachusetts from 1973-1978
  • Hired McCrae as his project director and co-principal investigatior for his Smoking & Personality Grant in 1976
  • Born September 16, 1942 in New Hampshire
  • Undergraduating psychology in Clark University, 1964
  • Both graduating his master (1964) and Ph.D (1968) degree in University of Chicago
  • Interested in individual differences & nature of personality
  • Born April 28, 1949 in Missouri
  • Youngest out of 3 children
  • Showing early interest on math & science
  • Undergraduating philosophy on MSU, yet disappointed by the open-end & non-empirical studies under the departement

A Fruitful Marriage:

"Big Five" Destiny

  • Working with McCrae in National Institute on Aging's Gerontology Research Center in Baltimore
  • The large, well-established datasets of adults made it ideal for Costa & McCrae to investigate the structure of personality
  • Achieving his Ph.D in 1975
  • Worked as James Fozard's research assistant at the Normative Aging Study at the Veterans Administration Outpatient Clinic in Boston
  • Fozard referred McCrae to Paul T. Costa, Jr., a personality psychologist from University of Massachusetts, Boston

For almost 40 years, there has been more than 200 research articles, chapters, & books with Costa & McCrae featured:

  • Emerging Lives, Enduring Disposition (1984)
  • Revised NEO Personality Inventory (1992)
  • The Five-Factor Model of Personality Across Cultures (2002)
  • Personality in Adulthood: A Five-Factor Theory Perspective, 2nd ed. (2003)
  • etc.
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