Birth Control methods

• On a white piece of paper copy the date and what took place in that time slot.
• Each Student will have at least two time period some may have three.
• Present as a time line

1930: Spermicide becomes available

1950s: Birth control pill developed

What is contraception? Deliberate use of artificial methods or other techniques to prevent pregnancy

Family Planning

It’s the planned prevention of pregnancy-

It’s a choice instead of chance!

• Having children only IF and WHEN you want and can afford to care for them- an important part of RESPONSIBLE SEX.
• Years Ago.. people had no reliable way to control when they had children

Today… you have a CHOICE there are many safe, practical and effective methods of contraception available.

Why is it important to know about?

Because practicing effective contraception give you control over your body and your life by:

1. Avoiding unwanted Children

And protection women whose health would be

threatened by pregnancy

2. Prevention financial and social hardship.

3. Giving you time to strengthen your personal relationship

4. Avoid an STI

WHAT IS THE BEST METHOD OF CONTRACEPTION FOR ME?

Only you, your partner, and your doctor can decide.

Some factors to consider:

1. Safety: Choose a method that won’t be a risk to your health. For advice, consult a doctor.

2. Effectiveness: Choose one that gives you the best protection when it’s used properly and regularly.

3. Convenience: If the method is too much trouble, you'll be tempted to skip using it– and it won’t work.

4. Cost: Check out the differences. Whatever the cost, no method is really expensive compared to raising a child.

5. Personal Preference: Choose a contraceptive that isn’t unpleasant or embarrassing for you.

6. Risk: Know the risk of STI’s and AIDS.

• What piece of history or birth control method did you find most surprising and why?

• What do you believe is the most important information to know or most important conclusion to make regarding the history of birth control?

Types:

1. Monthly

2. Seasonique

Nexplanon:

• one rod device inserted under the skin which releases hormones that prevent pregnancy.
• Lasts up to 3 years.

Diaphragm:

This dome-shaped rubber cap has a flexible rim. Before intercourse, the cup is coated with spermicide and placed inside the vagina to cover the cervix and prevent sperm from reaching it. The diaphragm should be kept in the vagina for 6-8 hours after intercourse. If intercourse is going to happen again within this time period, more cream or jelly must be inserted with an applicator, and another 6-8 hours must pass before removing it.

Cervical Cap:

Prior to intercourse, this thimble-shaped rubber cap is filled a third of the way with spermicide and placed firmly over the cervix to block out sperm. It must be left in for six-eight hours after intercourse. If there’s going to be another intercourse session during this time period, using additional spermicide is optional. The cap must be left in for another six- eight hours.

Sponge

Disposable sponge containing spermicide

should be kept in the vagina for 6-8 hours after intercourse. If intercourse is going to happen again within this time period, more cream or jelly must be inserted with an applicator, and another 6-8 hours must pass before removing it.

History of Birth Control

You Must Decide

Directions

• Fold the paper into half
• Fold the paper into half again
• Number each box 1-4

1. Choose what situation you think is correct

2. Write the number in the box

3. Explain why you chose that situation

You must Decide!

Situation #1

Situation #2

It is an era... a Long time ago....

Which method of pregnancy prevention would you use?

It is just before the Civil War... 1860s... Which method of pregnancy prevention would you use?

#2

A lemon half inserted into the vagina to act as a barrier

#1

Asking for guidance from the elders in the community

#1

A dried paste made of crocodile dung inserted into the vagina as a barrier

#2

The mythical belief that rocking back and forth/jumping up and down after sex prevents conception.

#4

Abstinence from sex

#3

A condom made of washed sheep intestine.

#4

Abstinence from sex

#3

Nothing

You must Decide!

1838: Diaphragm and cervical cap invented

Situation #3

Situation #4

It is the 1960’s... Which method of pregnancy prevention would you use?

In the early 1900’s when the Comstock Laws prevent the transport, sale, or any information about contraception. Which method of pregnancy prevention would you use?

#2

Abstinence from sex

#1

A new method called “The Pill” by first talking to a clergyman to get the name of a Dr. to prescribe it.

#2

Do nothing and have 15-20 pregnancies in your lifetime.

#1 Find a doctor who would illegally give information and risk arrest

# 3

Abstinence from sex

#3

Latex condoms only.

#4

Take your chances... and get married if a pregnancy occurs

#4

Explore an experimental device where a button or wishbone is placed inside the uterus to prevent pregnancy.

You must Decide!

Situation #5

History of Birth Control

Activity

What about in today’s world... Which method of pregnancy prevention should teens use?

Corner #1

Abstinence from sex

Corner #2

One of the hormonal methods: Patch, Pill, Injection, Ring, along with a condom

Corner #4

Don’t think about it... planning takes the fun out of it!

Corner #3

Take their chances... and use the emergency pill if sex happens.

Pregnancy Prevention

200

It was believed that holding breath, coughing, sneezing, and jumping up and down prevented pregnancy

Recent Changes:

2001 - Norplant 1 rod available

2002 - Nuva ring plastic ring 2” that fits around the cervix

2006 - Seasonique birth control pill that works for 84 days

June 20, 2013 - Plan B One Step is made available without restrictions to any woman of child bearing age

2017 - Vasalgel for men non- hormonal blocks the vas deferens so sperm cannot pass through.

1912: Margaret Sanger started the Family Planning Movement in America

1878: Dr. Aletta Jacobs was the first woman doctor in Holland and established the 1st birth control clinic in the world

1700s: Condoms were made from internal sheep membranes and designed to protect against syphilis not pregnancy.

1870

1920

1800

1960

0

1942: Margaret started the Planned Parenthood Federation of America

1564

Fallopius, Italian Doctor describes the condom

1800s: Doctors use buttons or wishbones as uterine devices

1966: “Griswold Decision” The Supreme Court declared the laws against birth control unconstitutional

1873: Comstock Laws forbid the sale, mailing, transportation, and use of contraceptives

Mean Girls: health class

Myths!

Contraception is too important to take chances– and with so many reliable methods available, you don’t have to rely on ineffective ones such as:

A woman can’t get pregnant the first time she has intercourse.

False, yes she can. It’s a mistake to assume that the first time is a safe time.

What is Birth Control?

A nursing mother can’t get pregnant.

It works for some mothers, but not for long. A new mother can become pregnant again as soon as she starts having sex– even if she hasn’t’ had period yet. Don’t take chances.

• Withdrawal- the man withdraws his penis before ejaculation. Hopefully no semen reaches the vagina. It’s very risky– semen may be released before orgasm.

If you have intercourse, during menstruation you can’t get pregnant.

It’s less likely– but still possible– and definitely not worth the risk of an unwanted pregnancy.

If woman doesn't have an orgasm, she can’t get pregnant.

False, an orgasm doesn't affect contraception in any way.

• Makeshift Condoms- Substitutes like plastic wrap aren’t leak proof, and may easily tear, break, or slip. Use inexpensive, reliable commercial brands, instead.

• Douching- Washing out the vagina after sex with water, lemon juice, etc., it’s almost useless. Fast-moving sperm are already in the uterus.

The practice of preventing unwanted pregnancies, commonly through the use of contraceptives

Reflection

So…

Your sex life isn’t just your business– it affects others too!!

Don’t take chances on an unwanted pregnancy

It's up to you to:

* Choose a method that’s safe, effective and comfortable to you

* Use it, every single time.

Non-Hormonal Methods

a barrier between the sperm and the egg.

Some of the barrier methods protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

The Pill

Spermicide

Birth Control Shot

Implant

Hormonal Contraceptives

Barrier Methods

Plan B/

Morning After Pill: Emergency Contraception

Diaphragm, Cervical Cap, Sponge

Nexplanon:

Vasalgel

Vasectomy

and

Tubal Ligation

Natural Family Planning

or

Rhythm Method

IUD (Intrauterine Device):

Mirena & Paragard

The Patch

work by not releasing an egg (ovulation) and thickening cervical mucus and changing uterine lining is also changed so egg cannot implant

The Ring:

NuvaRing

Latex Condom

Female Condom

What it Does

What it Does

What is Does

Vasectomy

Simple 20 minutes operation for men. Tubes that carry sperm to penis (vas deferens) are cut and tied. Done under local anesthetic in the doctor’s office. No effect on sexual desire, performance or masculinity

What it Does

Non hormonal polymer that blocks the vas deferense. This is reversible form of male birth control

Based on female menstruation cycle, temperature charts and observation of mucus and cervical changes during the woman’s menstrual cycle

What is Does

What it Does

What are my options?

What is Does

What it Does

Tubal Ligation

Fallopian tubes are cut and tied off. A somewhat more complicated operation for women. The operation doesn’t remove any sex gland.

What it Does

The latex condom is inserted onto the penis before sexual activity occurs. It prevents the sperm from entering the female vagina.

NuvaRing is inserted into the vagina and placed around the cervix, it releases hormones which prevent the egg from being released from the ovary and from menstruation occurring.

Plan B® works like a regular birth control pill. It prevents pregnancy mainly by stopping the release of an egg from the ovary, and may also prevent the fertilization of an egg (the uniting of sperm with the egg). Plan B® may also work by preventing it from attaching to the uterus (womb). It is important to know that Plan B® will not affect a fertilized egg already attached to the uterus; it will not affect an existing pregnancy.

doctor injects a form of progestin (a synthetic hormone that prevents ovulation and fertilization) into your arm or butt every 12 weeks. It makes periods lighter or can stop them. Also thicken cervical mucus, so if an egg is released anyway, sperm can’t penetrate it. The uterine lining is also changed so an egg can not embed in it.

The IUD prevents the sperm from joining with the egg.

• Mirena hormonal IUD prevent the egg from leaving the ovary
• ParaGard copper IUD is poisonous to the sperm.

This polyurethane sheath has flexible rings at each end. The smaller ring at the closed end fits over the cervix and holds the condom in place, while the bigger one at the open end remains outside the vagina.

• You can’t use the male and female condom at the same time, because the friction between the latex and polyurethane can cause either one or both condoms to break or dislodge.

These creams, jellies, foams, films, and suppositories are inserted into the vagina prior to intercourse to kill sperm and prevent pregnancy. Directions must be followed for each kind of spermicide. On their own, most spermicides kill sperm for an hour. Must also require waiting ten minutes after insertion before intercourse can begin.

The Evra stick on birth control that works for a week at a time (three in a package).

• It contains progestin (a synthetic hormone) and estrogen. No bigger than a half-dollar, it sticks on your arm, back or buttocks, so no one can see it.
• You have to change the patch each week. During week 4, no patch is used.

• A daily pill taken by mouth
• A skin patch that is changed weekly
• A ring worn in the vagina that is changed every month
• An injection that is given once every 3 months
• An implant that is worn under the skin for up to 3 yrs

Nexplanon:

Your doctor or a clinician gives you an exam before inserting Nexplanon. If you’re healthy, he or she numbs a small area of your upper arm with a painkiller and makes a small incision. Then one match size capsules are inserted under the skin, where they release a form of progestin (to prevent ovulation and fertilization). You can have them removed whenever you want, but they must be taken out before 3 years have passed. It also thicken cervical mucus, so if an egg is released anyway, sperm can’t penetrate it. The uterine lining is also changed so egg cannot implant

Effectiveness

Used Correctly: 99% Typical Use: 99%

NOT effective against STI’s

Diaphragm:

Used Correctly: 94% Typical Use: 88%

Cervical Cap:

Used Correctly: 91% Typical Use: 71%

Sponge:

Used Correctly: 95% Typical Use: 82%

Used Correctly: 99% Typical Use: 75%

Not effective against STI’s

What it Does

Effectiveness

Vasectomy:

Used Correctly: 99% Typical Use: 99%

Tubal Ligation:

Used Correctly: 99% Typical Use: 99%

NOT effective against STI’s

Effectiveness

Effective against some STI’s

Effectiveness

one-a-day oral hormonal ingredients.

When taken daily, both can prevent ovulation (when your ovary releases an egg) also thicken cervical mucus, so if an egg is released anyway, sperm can’t penetrate it. The uterine lining is also changed so egg cannot implant

Effectiveness

Effectiveness

NuvaRing: The effectiveness rate differs because of user error.

Used Correctly: 99% Typical Use: 92%

NOT effective against STI’s

Effectiveness

Used Correctly: 95% Typical Use: 79%

Very effective against some STI’s

Used Correctly: 94% Typical Use: 71%

• Mirena- Used Correctly: 99% Typical Use: 99%
• Paragard-Used Correctly: 99% Typical Use: 99%

NOT effective against STI’s

Used Correctly: 99% Typical Use: 99%

Not effective against STI’s

Used Correctly: 89% Typical Use: 75%

Not effective against STI’s

Used Correctly: 98% Typical Use: 85%

Very effective against some STI’s

Used Correctly: 99% Typical Use: 91%

NOT effective against STI’s

Cost

Nexplanon:

Used Correctly: 99% Typical Use: 99%

Not effective against STI’s

Free

Cost

Effectiveness

$ 0-$900

Vasectomy: $350-1000

Tubal Ligation: $1500-6000

Monthly- Oral contraceptives are 99.9 percent effective when used correctly!

Diaphragm: $15-75 and lasts 2 years

Cervical Cap: $0-75 and lasts 2 years

Sponge: pack of 3 $7-9.00 one time use only

Cost

Used Correctly: 99% Typical Use: 91%

Cost

Cost

Seqsonique-Oral contraceptive are 99.9 percent effective when used correctly

Cost

They’re prescription free and found in pharmacies for $8-18 per kit.

• Each kit has several applications. A large can of foam, for example, has 20-40

$0-300 for 3 month supply

Implementation

Cost

Less than $1 per condom

Mirena = $0-900 every 5 years

ParaGard = $0-900 every 10 years

Used Correctly: 99% Typical Use: 95%

NOT effective against STI’s

Pack of 5 for $15.00

Cost

$0-150

$30-75

Implementation

Keep track of menstruation time and avoid sex during fertile periods.

$0-75 per shot

Implementation

Implanon $0-$300

Cost

Implementation

only requires a single treatment blocks the vas deferense tube. Last for 10 years

Diaphragm: Self inserted over the cervix to block sperm from entering cervix.

Cervical Cap: Self inserted over the cervix to block sperm from entering cervix.

Sponge: Self inserted over the cervix to block sperm from entering cervix.

Monthly: $0-50

Seasonique: $0-100

Insurance is a large factor in the price.

Implemented

Vasectomy: Small incisions in scrotum is made then Vas Deferens is blocked/cut or tied.

Tubal Ligation: Fallopian tubes are tied/cut/or blocked

Implementation

Additional Information

Implementation

Implementation

Self inserted deep into vagina. One end near cervix other outside of vagina. Collects semen.

Implementation

- Low effective rates because of how much a females menstrual cycle differs.

All provide extra lubrication during intercourse.

They can be awkward to insert, they can be messy, and they may cause irritation or allergic reactions in some women.

Mirena = Doctor inserts into the uterus to prevent fertilization. 5 years.

ParaGard = Doctor inserts into the uterus to prevent fertilization. 10 years

Implementation

Placed on penis before sexual activity occurs. Remove after ejaculation.

Self inserted into the vagina placed around cervix for 3 weeks at a time. The following week will be the week a female menstruates.

Ortho Evra

Implementation

Shot given every 3 months to prevent pregnancy.

Place patch on skin once a week for 3 weeks in a row. Hormones keep eggs from leaving ovaries.

• Absolutely NO smoking

A series of 1-2 pills that can be taken within 5 days (72-120 hours) after unprotected sex.

Implementation

Monthly: Ingest a pill orally for 21 days a month. Menstruate for 7 days.

Seasonique: Ingest a pill orally 84 days in a row. Menstruate for 7 days.

Additional Information

- Does not contain the risk of user error

- Does not needed to be fit by a doctor

- Is not recommended for people who smoke or has heart conditions

- Cheap and easy

- Anyone can buy them

- Protects against some STIs

Additional Information

- Smoking while taking birth control pills can be dangerous and cause blood clots.

- Some antibiotics cause birth control to be ineffective.

- If you have trouble remembering things then the birth control pill may not be the best method for you.

- If conception has already occurred then the emergency contraceptive pill will not work.