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Ethnic groups in Austria

6 legally accepted ethnic groups in Austria

Influences in our language

  • Slovenians
  • Croatians
  • Hungarians
  • Roma and Sinti
  • Czechs
  • Slovaks
  • some terms of our neighbor's language e.g. lepschi (Czech), Gattihosn (Hungarian) or Gspusi (Italian)
  • some terms date back to Austria's history e.g. trottoir (French) or Hawara (Jiddisch)

Slovenians

  • in the South of Kaernten
  • immigrated in the 6th century -> Karantaner
  • mainly agriculture and religious -> conservative and clerical
  • Austrians -> advanced
  • unfriendly to minorities -> emigration
  • conflict of topographic names
  • official language in several municipalities

Population of Austria (2012)

  • 11,5% of people living in Austria have foreign nationalities (971.000)
  • largest group - 227.000 German people
  • people from Serbia, Montenegro, Kosovo 209.000
  • Turkish people 186.000
  • people from Bosnia Herzegovina 133.000
  • Rumanian 75.000
  • Croatian 70.000
  • Poles 63.000
  • Hungarian 46.000
  • Czechian 44.000
  • Italian 30.000

general influences

legally accepted ethnic groups

State treaty of St. Germain:

  • bilingual topographic names
  • primary school education in the mother languages
  • official language in several schools and offices
  • ethnic groups advisory council
  • language in law affairs
  • tasty foreign cuisine
  • national traditional costumes
  • music and songs

personal experiences

... to treat all citizens without regard to race, language or religion legally and factually right ...

  • graduated school together
  • several discussions
  • classmate was deported
  • refugees in class learned German very quickly

Croatians

  • aristocrates settled Croatian people in the 16th century to Burgenland an Lower Austria (depopulated regions because of war and epidemics)
  • influences in traditional costumes, music and dialects
  • Croatian Culture Association
  • Croatian newspaper and literature
  • several schools with the Croatian language or course of choice

Czechs

  • resident population since medieval times in the regions around Vienna
  • they immigrated during the 30years-war and they were working people
  • 1761 first Czech newspaper
  • Czech language courses in University
  • during the era of Franz Joseph a lot of tailors, shoemakers, carpenters, ... settled in Vienna
  • many lordship-houses had Czech cookers and nurses
  • many Czech associations were founded
  • during the period of the 1st WW many Czech emigrated to their homecountry
  • a lot of Czech schools and kindergardens
  • in the period of the 2nd WW a lot of these institutions were closed
  • Czech people immigrated again around 1948 -1969
  • bilingual schools reopened

Roma

Hungarians

  • people with their origins in India settled in the 15th and 16th century to Austria (region around Burgenland)
  • they were musicians, blacksmiths and tradespeople
  • 11.000 Roma before 1938 - two thirds were killed in death camps
  • 1993 the "Roma and Sinti" became a legally accepted ethnic group. Sinti are the Roma of German origin
  • a lot of them immigrated because of jobs
  • political motivated assassination in 1995
  • different associations in Vienna, Linz and Oberwart (Bgld.)
  • German speaking regions of Hungary got part of Austria in 1918
  • politics was against this minority
  • only Hungarian primary education was held
  • out of confessional matters no collaboration
  • changes because of the Hungarian Culture Association in 1968
  • Hungarian revolt in 1956 -> many Hungarian refugees
  • became a legal ethnic group especially in Burgenland and Vienna
  • bilingual schools in Vienna and language course of choice in several schools

Slovaks

  • immigration to Austria (Thaya-March-Winkel) started after the 30years-war
  • increased settlement out of a lack of harvest and factory workers in the 19th century
  • emigration wave during the 1st and 2nd WW
  • 1983 first Slovakian Culture Association
  • 1993 ethnic group advisory council
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