Electronegativity:The Oxygen Family
- the electronegativity trends apply
- oxygen family
- group 16 elements are highly electronegative due to the fact that they need only need to attract 2 bonding electrons to satisfy the octet rule
- electronegativity decreases within the group because of increment of atomic radii
- Sulfur electronegativity: 2.6
Ionization Energy
- the amount of energy needed to move electrons from the valence shell to an isolated neutral atom
- increases from left to right, within the period
- decreases from top to bottom within a group
Source:[Electronegativity of sulfur and other elements].(n.d.). Retrieved from http://vignette3.wikia.nocookie.net/capechemistry/images/d/d2/Electronegativityactivity_table.png/revision/latest?cb=20130407160244
Electronegativity
Source:[Ionization energy trends].(n.d.).Retrieved from http://www.srtep.com/chem/images/ionization.gif
- the ability for an atom to attract bonding electrons to its valence level to satisfy the octet rule
- increases from left to right in a period
- from the bottom to the top within a group
Source: [Electronegativity trend].(n.d.).Retrieved from
http://kemistree.wikispaces.com/file/view/47375143.png/303093802/560x420/47375143.png
Activity Series
Electron Affinity: The Oxygen Family
- sulfur's electron affinity is 200kJ/mol
- Below sulfur is Selenium which has an electron affinity of 195kJ/mol
Electron Affinity
Source:[Electron affinity of main group elements].(n.d.). Retreived from: http://faculty.sdmiramar.edu/figures/2Course/All_Year/Ch100_OL/aMy_FileLec/O40L_LecNotes_Ch100/03_AtomsElements/306_pic/electronaffinity.gif
- the change in energy in (kJ/mole) of a neutral atom when an electron is added to the atom to form a negative ion
- a neutral atom's likelihood of gaining an electron
- decreases as its atomic weight increases
Ionization Energy: The Oxygen Family
Source:Periodic Trend: Electron affinity [Image].(n.d.).Retreived from http://www.sliderbase.com/images/refracts/150b/(10).PNG
- Group 16: oxygen family within the periodic table
- consists of oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, and polonium
Activity Series:
The Oxygen Family
source:[the oxygen family on the periodic table.].(n.d.). Retrieved from http://419807311536296346.weebly.com/uploads/a/8/9/9/18998957/501429937.png?194
- used to predict products in displacement reactions and reactivity of metals with water and acids in replacement reactions
- used to predict the products in reactions involving a different metal during a single or double replacement reaction
- it increases as you move down the family
- it will increase as you travel left to right in a period
- activity series only applies to metals, with the exceptions of carbon, hydrogen, and sometimes the halogens
- no elements within group 16 are on the activity series table
- ionization energy decreases within the family
- group 16 shows less ionization energy than group 15
- due to group 15 elements having a different valence shell configuration, making them more symmetrical and stable than the oxygen family
- Sulfur Ionization Energy: 1000 kJ/mole
Source:[Activity series.]. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://2.bg.blogspoty.com/_rD5-625noyE/SmWajC2efqi/AAAAAAAAASA/yEf55FcgIjo/s320/reactivity.gif
Source: First ionization energies of period 3 elements [Image].(n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.creative-chemistry.org.uk/alevel/module1/images/trends6chart.gif
Trends of the Periodic Table: The Oxygen Family