Art and Music History Timeline

Ancient Rome

Baroque

Middle Ages

Modern

Contemporary

400 A.D.- 1400 A.D

1600 A.D. - 1700 A.D.

1800 A.D. - 1900 A.D.

753 B.C.- 1453 A.D.

Late Middle Ages

(1400 A.D. - 1600 A.D.)

1950-present

Composer- Giuseppe Sammartini (1700 - 1775 A.D.)

• Wrote some of the world's first symphonies
• Influencer of Mozart

Early Middle Ages

400 A.D.- 1000 A.D.

• Southern Europe, Western Europe, Balkans, Asia Minor, North Africa and parts of Eastern Europe

Composer- Claudio Monteverdi (1567 - 1643 A.D.)

• One of the inventrs and perfectors of the opera

Gothic Architecture becomes more common (1140 A.D. - 1300 A.D.)

Abstract

Madrigal becomes famous (14th Century)

• Type of music written for at least three voices
• Still famous today

The Conciliar Movement (1414-18 A.D.)

Composer- Antonio Vivaldi (1678 - 1741 A.D.)

• Wrote an extremely large amount of music
• including 500 concertos
• Most famous for For Seasons

Gregorian Chant is famous

• Usually sung by monastery brothers
• Writen and sung as melodies with Latin words

• Depopulation and deurbanization cotinued
• North Africa and the Middle East became Islamic

Artist- Duccio di Buoninsegna (1278–1318)

Roman Empire

27 BC – AD 1453

Roman Kingdom

753 BC – 509 BC

Romanticism

19th

century

• Roman Catholic reform movement which held that final authority in spiritual matters resided with the Roman Church... not with the pope.

Composer George Frideric Handel (1658 - 1759 A.D.)

• Wrote many famous oratorio's
• Most famous for the Messiah

18th century

• founder of the Sienese school of painting, brought a lyrical expressiveness and intense spiritual gravity to the formalized Italo-Byzantine tradition.
• Combined the spiritual world with the figures of the real world.
• Madonna and Child (1300)

Rise of Islam (622 A.D. - 750 A.D.)

Artist and Sculptor- Donatello (1386 A.D. - 1466 A.D.)

Playwright- William Shakespeare (1564 A.D. - 1616 A.D.)

• Introduces large -scale sculpting
• Sculpts the first freestanding nude sculpture in 1,000 years

Greek and Helenistic

Roman Republic

508 BC – 27 BC

• Greatest Writer in the English language
• over 150 plays and poems; Macbeth, Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet Etc.

Artist - Jan van Eyck (1390 A.D. - 1441 A.D.)

Cathedral of Hagia Sophia (532 A.D. - 537 A.D.)

• Renaissance artist
• Most famous for Arnolfini Wedding

Guido of Arezzo (995 A.D. - 1050 A.D.)

• Monk who is the founder of do, re, mi, fa... called the solfege

850 - 30 B.C.

Realistic portrait sculpture is a new concept (1st century B.C.)

Artist - Michaelangelo (1475 A.D. - 1564 A.D. )

Artist- Horace Vernet (1789–1863)

Renaissance

• Becomes the central church of the Eastern Orthodox Church
• Largest in the medieval world

• One of the first Romantic artists
• Stormy Coast Scene After a Shipwreak

Realism

Neoclassicism

14th -17th

century

Ampitheater at Epidaurus, Greece, built (350 B.C.)

19th century

Composer- Giovani da Palestrina (1525 A.D.- 1594 A.D.)

• Wrote music for voices
• One of the first to experiment with harmonies

17th Century

Islam is founded by Muhammad (570 A.D. - 632 A.D.)

Composer- Ludwig Van Beethoven (1770-1827 A.D.)

• most famous Romantic composer

First Olympic Games (776 B.C.)

Slavery abolished

in British Empire (1834 A.D.)

Artist- Giotto di Bondone (1266/76–1337)

Pompeii Mosaics created (80 B.C.)

Emperor Constantine (306-337 A.D.) ends prosecution of Christians (313 A.D.)

Artist- Pietro Cavallini (1240–1330)

Church of San Vitale (526 A.D. - 547 A.D.)

Artist- Sandro Botticelli (1444 A.D. - 1510 A.D.)

Freestanding Sculpture Developed (650 B.C.)

• Italian art innovator
• Expressed naturalism in his art
• The Crucifixion (1340's)

• One of the most famous Middle Age artists
• The Ephiphany (1320)

Slavery Abolished in America

(1865 A.D.)

• Example of Middle age architecture
• Features the famous octagonal floor and several mosaics

• Famous for the first female nude painting since the fall of Rome

Sargon 2 in power (721-705 B.C.) builds royal palace (706 B.C.)

The Parthenon (448 B.C.)

Artist - Albrect Durer (1471 A.D. - 1528 A.D.)

Artist- Gustave Courbet (1819–1877)

Rosa Parks takes a stand by refusing to stand for a white person on a bus (1954 A.D.)

• Temple dedicated to the goddess Athena

Peplos Kore- (540 B.C.)

Romans build first highway (312 B.C.)

Artist- Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)

• One of the most famous Realist artists
• Young Ladies of the Village (1852)

Christianity becomes state religion (381)

High Middle Ages

1000 A.D. - 1300 A.D.

• Example of archaic Greek sculpture

Artist- Joseph-Marie Vien (1716-1809)

• One of the most famous Renaissance artists
• Mona Lisa (1519)

Pope Gregory 1 invents a system for musical cales (600 A.D.)

• He gave notes names such as A, B, C, and D

Abstract Art becomes famous (1912 A.D.)

Kritios Boy (490 B.C.)

Basilica at Paestum (550 B.C.)

9/11 Terrorist Attack (2001)

Augustus of Prima Porta’s sculpture of Emperor Augustus Caesar (14 A.D.)

• New type of sculpture, one of the first human bodies sculpted

• one of the earliest surviving temples of Doric architecture

• One of the first Neoclassic artists
• Young Greek Maidens Decking the Sleeping Cupid with Flowers (1773)

• Art becomes Christian-oriented and focuses on architecture
• Chivalry and courtly love is the common behavior
• Faith and reason is reconciled

Peace Treaty ends

Revolutionary War (1783)

Alexander the Great conquers the known world (332 B.C.)

World War 2

Second Punic War (218 - 201 B.C.)

Traveler and Author Marco Polo (1245 A.D. - 1324 A.D.)

Christopher Columbus Discovers America (1492 A.D.)

Athenians establish a democracy (600 B.C.)

1993- 1945

Constantine in power (306 B.C. - 337 B.C.)

• the second major war between Carthage and the Roman Republic, also included Berbers on Carthage's side
• called the "Punic Wars" because Rome's name for Carthaginians was Punici, due to their Phoenician ancestry.

Bill of Rights adopted (1789 A.D.)

Constitution ratified (1788)

Charlemagne in power (800 A.D. -814 A,D,)

Founding of Rome (735 B.C.)

Stock Market Crashes (1929 A.D.)

Philosopher Albertus Magnus (1200 A.D. - 1280 A.D.)

War of 1812

The First Punic War (264 BC)

Philosopher St. Augustine (354 A.D. - 430 A.D.)

500 B.C.

1 B.C.

500 A.D.

1000 A.D.

1500 A.D.

2000 A.D.

• While in power, Charlemange re-conquers much of the Roman Empire
• Is crowned emperor in 800 A.D.

1000 B.C.

• Between US and Great Britain

Third Punic War (149 B.C. - 146 B.C.)

• Thomas Aquinas' teacher
• Believed there are truths that only faith can grasp
• Human reason will never find anything that will contradict God

Philospher Thales (610- 546 B.C.)

• First Philosopher recorded in history- "All is water"

• First of three wars fought between Ancient Carthage and the Roman Republic
• Fought over Western Mediteranean Sea, Island of Sicily, Apennine peninsla, and North Africa.
• Rome Wins

Humanism becomes more popular (1400 A.D. - 1550 A.D.)

Philosopher- Francis Bacon (1561 A.D. - 1626 A.D.)

Code of Justinian (529 A.D. - 534 A.D.)

• Was the smallest and last
• Rome destroyed Carthage

Emperor Constantine renames capital Constantinople (330 A.D.)

Philosopher St. Anselm (1033 A.D. - 1109 A.D.)

• Created to be the sole source of law

Philosopher Aristotle (400- 320 B.C.)

Jackson elected president (1828) ushering in popular democracy

President George Washington (1789 A.D. - 1797 A.D.)

• First President of the United States

Magna Carta (1215 A.D.)

Ceasar Augustus in power (63 B.C.- 14 A.D.)

• Focuses on human nature instead of the divine world
• Encourages Science
• Inspires artists

• Main Philosophy was the Ontological Argument for God's existence

Philosopher Epicurus (341-270 B.C.)

• "Father of Science"
• Believed everything came from matter
• Everything had a purpose
• We discovered things through our senses

Ruler Romulus Agustus resigns representing the fall of the Western Roman Empire (476 A.D.)

Great Depression (1929 A.D. - 1940 A.D.)

• included the basic right of anyone convicted of a crime to a jury trial; protection of private property; reasonable limits on taxes and a degree of guaranteed religious freedom

Philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712 A.D. – 1778 A.D.)

Philosopher Plato (427- 347 B.C.)

• If something doesn't have feeling, it can't be painful, like fears.
• Highest pleasures are long lasting

Music

• First Emperor of the Roman Empire
• Roman general and statesman
• Helped transform the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire

Rome at it's peak (117 A.d.)

Dark Ages (900 A.D. - 1000 A.D.)

• The fall of rome came because of the 'Sack of Rome' by Alaric the Goth in 410 and several other defeats.

Japan attacks Pearl Harbor (1941 A.D.)

Philosopher Pythagoras (582- 507 B.C.)

• First to answer deep questions
• Believed everything had a "Form"

Philosopher Niccolò di Bernardo dei Machiavelli (1469 A.D– 1527 A.D.)

• Genevan philosopher, writer, and composer of 18th-century Romanticism
• Believed it was our nature to be savages until we learned morals and values

14th Amendment adopted (1868) applying due process clause to the states

• “Number is the essence of reality” Began with the observation of numerical relationship between musical notes

Roman Empire officially split in two (395 A.D.)

Philosopher Epicetus (55- 130 B.C./ A.D.)

U.S. Civil War

(1861 A.D. - 1865 A.D.)

Philospher Socrates (469-399 B.C.)

• Italian historian, philosopher, humanist
• main founders of modern political science.
• Secretary to the Second Chancery of the Republic of Florence

Henry VIII in power of England

(1491 A.D. - 1547 A.D.)

World War 1 (1914 A.D. - 1918 A.D.)

• In the west, Benedict in rule (480-547)
• In the east, Justinian in rule (527-565)

• Occurred in Europe following the decline of the Roman Empire
• An unrestrained and disorderly time

• Founder of "Socratic Questioning"
• Concerned with health of the soul

• Union Vs. Confederacy

Art

Trajan in power (53 – 117 A.D.)

• Believed Philosophy was the key to happiness
• We can only be happy if we attain freedom by being apathetic
• We cannot control the things that happen, so we accept them

Justinian in power (527 A.D. - 565 A.D.)

• Responsible for the severed ties of the Catholic Church

Philosopher Heraclitus (535- 475 B.C.)

Marcus Tullius Cicero (106 B.C. – 43 B.C.)

• Through Trajan, Roman Empire reaches its territorial peak

Elizabeth I, Queen of England in power (1533 A.D.- 1603 A.D.)

• First ruler of the Byzantine Empire after the fall of Rome

Holocaust (1933 A.D. - 1945 A.D.)

Philosopher Thomas Aquinas (1225 A.D. - 1274 A.D.)

• “All is change” -reality is constantly changing

Leif Ericson reaches America (1000 A.D.)

• Roman philosopher, statesman, lawyer, political theorist, Roman constitutionalist, and a talented orator
• introduced the Romans to the chief schools of Greek philosophy and created a Latin philosophical vocabulary

Philosopher Parmenides (610- 547 B.C.)

The Protestant Reformation (1500 A.D. - 1600 A.D.)

• Was a Dominican, monk, professor, and Philosopher
• Took on Augustine's idea of a sense-based reality
• Science and reason are compatible

• The Reign of Elizabeth marks one of the greatest eras in England
• Exploration of the new world is underaken while she reigns
• English Navy grows, resulting in many victories

Society

Beginning and end of Athenian power (480-404 B.C.)

• Founded school of philosophy in Elea, southern Italy, Believed that all change is an illusion… Reality or Being is unchanging, eternal and undivided

Gauls attack Rome (390 B.C.)

• Man is justified by only faith, not good works
• individuals have a direct relationship with God

• Leader Brennus succeed, looted and burned the city
• After seven months, Romans took up arms and took back their city

Missouri Compromise (1821 A.D.)

• Won war agaist Persia, lost war against Spartains

Hundred Years' War (1337 A.D. - 1453 A.D.)

Mexican- American war

(1846 A.D. - 1848)

Caesar gets killed in the Ides of March (44 B.C.)

Monroe Doctrine (1823 A.D.)

World

• Lasted 116 years
• Between England and France

Spanish- American War (1898 A.D.)

• This causes political and social turmoil due to a lack of leadership by Mark Antony
• Octavious joins Antony soon after and things improve. In 27 B.C. however, he becomes the only Roman leader

Government

Philosophy