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;-;

What is a hyphen?

A punctuation mark used to divide or to compound words, word elements, or numbers.

Colons, Semi-colons, and Hyphens

What is a colon?

A colon is a punctuation mark indicating that a writer is introducing a quote or a list of items. It may also be used to separate two parts of a sentence of which the second adds on or illustrates the first.

;)

What is a semi-colon?

A semi-colon is a punctuation mark indicating a pause, typically between two main clauses, that is more pronounced than that indicated by a comma.

:)

Semi-colons

:)

;)

For example:

Unicorns are my favourite animal; however, my friends says they don’t exist

For example:

Our team consists of Joe, the Gorilla trainer; Steve, the bus driver; and Paul, the lunch lady.

;-;

Here are the rules on how to use a semi-colon:

  • May be used to create a pause between clauses.
  • Helps avoid run-on sentences as well as to avoid confusion between list items.
  • Avoid using a comma when a semi-colon is needed
  • Avoid using a semi-colon when a comma is needed

For example:

Incorrect I like cows, however, I hate the way they smell.

Correct: I like cows; however, I hate the way they smell.

For example:

Incorrect: I love my cat; but he drives me crazy!

Correct: I love my cat, but he drives me crazy!

;-;

:)

;)

For example:

Dear Mrs. Nimmo:

* A comma is used for a more informal greeting. *

Hyphens

Colons

  • Always use a colon rather than a comma to follow the salutation in a business letter. A comma is used for a more informal greeting.
  • Colons are used to separate units of time, titles, and Bible verses and chapters.

For example:

In time: 0:45:00

In titles: Harry Potter: The Deathly Hallows

In Bible verses and chapters: Matthew 2:24

Example:

He is going to his mother-in-law's house for dinner tomorrow night.

This shows that the component words have a combined meaning.

;)

For example:

You will be required to bring multiple things: sleeping bags, warm clothing, pillows, and water bottles.

* Do not capitalize the first item following the colon unless it is a proper noun *

Example:

There are two main uses for hyphens:

  • in compound words
  • to join prefixes to other words

Joan is a self-taught pianist.

For example:

Incorrect I want: milk, bread and butter.

Correct I want milk, bread and butter.

* This sentence does not require a colon because it follows the verb want. *

For example:

I would like an assistant who can do the following:

  • input data
  • write reports
  • complete tax forms

* Exception: if each point is a complete sentence. They would require capitalization and proper ending punctuation. *

These are the pool rules:

  • Do not run.
  • Report unsafe behaviour.
  • Have fun!

Here are the rules on how to use a colon:

  • Introduces an item or a list.
  • Restrain from using a colon before a list if it immediately follows a verb or a preposition that would normally not require punctuation in that sentence.
  • List items one by one and one per line when following a colon; capitalization is optional when listing single words or sentences proceeded by letters, numbers or bullet points.
  • May be used between two independent clauses instead of a semi-colon when the second sentence explains, illustrates, paraphrases or expands on the first.

Example:

Halloween is on the thirty-first of October.

Bibliography

Example:

Using hyphens in sentences:

  • writing numbers from 21 to 99
  • using prefixes such as all-, self-, and ex-

The hockey players have to learn to co-operate if they want to win a game.

For example:

She deserves what she worked for: she really earned that role.

Hyphens vs. Dashes

http://www.grammarbook.com/punctuation/colons.asp

http://theoatmeal.com/comics/semicolon

http://writing.wisc.edu/Handbook/Semicolons.html

http://www.grammarbook.com/punctuation/semicolons.asp

http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/words/hyphen

www.ef.com/english-resources/english-grammar/hyphens-and-dashes/

http://writing.umn.edu/sws/quickhelp/punctuation/hyphensdashes.html

http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/hyphen

Hyphens

Dashes

  • are used to join two or more words together
  • indicate an interrupted or unfinished statement
  • are NOT separated by spaces
  • are separated by spaces on either side
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