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Odyssey: The Hero's Journey of Odysseus.
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The ordinary world of Odysseus is his homeland of Ithaca. It is a Greek island. This is a quote about what his life would be like. Because he is a king he is very rich and has a lot of possessions. Also he has a very fancy house; as you can see in this passage.
"Once they'd come inside the high-roofed house,
he walked to a tall pillar carrying the spear
and set it in a finely-polished rack, which held
many other spears belonging to Odysseus.
He brought Athena in and sat her in a chair,
a beautifully crafted work. Under it 170
he rolled out a linen mat and then arranged
a foot stool for her feet. Beside her he drew up
a lovely decorated chair for him to sit in."
(Book I. Lines 166-173. Page 13.
This is Odysseus' home according to Voss.
This is from page 487 of the Odyssey.
"God-like Odysseus" Quoted many times during the book-usually before Odysseus speaks or someone speaks about Odysseus.
The hero of this story is mighty Odysseus. He is a war veteran from the Trojan war. He is on a journey back home. He needs the help of Athena and other magical beings to face his adventure and return to his wife and son.
Image of Odysseus retrieved from: http://digboston.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/Odysseus.jpg
Odysseus is called to adventure by his mentor Athena. While on the Island of Calypso he is set forth to return home.
"“Poor man,
spend no more time in sorrow on this island
or waste your life away. My heart agrees—
the time has come for me to send you off." (Book 5. Line 199-203. Page 102
This is a painting of the island of Calypso. Retrieved from:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Odysseus_and_Calypso.jpg
Odysseus is skeptical of Athena. He doesn't think that she is actually being serious. He also isn't sure if he wants to leave the island. But it has been such a long time that he decides to go journey home.
“Goddess,
in all this you're planning something different.
You're not sending me back home, when you tell me
to get across that huge gulf of the sea
and in a raft—a harsh and dangerous trip.
Not even swift well-balanced ships get through
when they enjoy fair winds from Zeus.
Book 5. Lines 216-221. Book 5
Image of Odysseus and Calypso retrieved from:http://www.greekmyths-greekmythology.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/calypso-odysseus-1.jpg
Odysseus has already met Athena but this is when she starts to mentor him. She makes sure that he gets places safely and that he is safe on his journey home.
Then Odysseus got up and set off for the city.
Athena took good care to veil him in thick mist,
so no bold Phaeacian who ran into him
would cast verbal taunts and ask him who he was. Book 7. Lines 15-18. Page 127.
Image of Athena helping Odysseus. Received from: http://fc02.deviantart.net/fs71/f/2010/039/0/1/Athena_and_Odysseus_by_GeniusBee.jpg
Odysseus encounters his mentor early on in the story. Athena guides Odysseus home and she helps him fight the suitors. Athena uses her magical powers to help Odysseus.
Athena, goddess with the gleaming eyes, answered Zeus:
Book 1. Line 68. Page 10
Picture retrieved from: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Athena_Parthenos_LeQuire.jpg
Odysseus crosses into the magical world when he travels to the island of the Lotus flowers. His mean are entranced by the evil lotus eaters.
I chose two of my men
and with them sent a third as messenger.
They left at once and met the Lotus-eaters,
who had no thought of killing my companions,
but gave them lotus plants to eat, whose fruit,
sweet as honey, made any man who sampled it
lose his desire to ever journey home
Book 9. Lines 117-122. Page 167
Image of a lotus flower retrieved from:http://www.flower-images.net/sites/default/files/lotus-flower.jpg
The lotus eaters are a threshold guardian. They test Odysseus' strength and ability to problem solve by making his men forget about home. They make Odysseus' journey longer.
"Lotus-eaters/who had no thoughts of killing my companions/but gave them lotus plants to eat." (Book 9. Lines 19-121. Page 167).
Image of the lotus eaters retrieved from: http://hopestands.files.wordpress.com/2012/07/the_lotus_eaters_by_maebelleine-d34w8pa.jpg
Odysseus faces many enemies after the lotus eaters. He also encounters the cyclops which almost kills him. He also encounters allies like Aeolus. And he faces tests from Circe.
"'What fools you are, you strangers/ or else you come from somewhere far way/telling me to fear the gods and shun their rage'" (Book 9. Lines 358-360. Page 173).
Image of the cyclops retrieved from: http://www.campusscope.co.kr/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/cyclops.jpg
The shadow destroys. And the cyclops did just that. He ate a lot of Odysseus' men and destroyed a lot of the sailor's morale. The cyclops is an enemy that we met in the previous step in the heroes journey.
"he once again/snatched two of my men and gorged himself" (Book 9. Lines 407-408. Page175)
Image of Odysseus blinding Polyphemus (the cyclops) retrieved from: http://0.tqn.com/d/ancienthistory/1/7/Q/N/cyclops_Odysseus.jpg
In this part of the Hero's Journey Hermes appears as a herald to Odysseus. He warns him about Circe and gives him magical potions so that Circe will not harm Odysseus.
"But come/I'll keep you free from harm and save you" (Book 10. Lines 374-375. Page 197)
Image of Hermes retrieved from: http://images2.wikia.nocookie.net/__cb20110516213655/olympians/images/3/3f/Hermes.jpg
The inmost cave is hell itself. Circe sends Odysseus to the Underworld to talk to Teiresias. He tells Odysseus how to go on journeying home.
"I'll tell you so your mind will comprehend/It's easy" (Book 11. Lines 179-180. Page 213.
Image of the Underworld retrieved from: https://pantherfile.uwm.edu/prec/www/course/mythology/0800/1013.jpg
I think that Circe is a trickster. At first she is hostile towards Odysseus and his men but then she accepts them. But then she sends them to the Underworld where they could get killed very easily. You can't really figure her out. She disrupts the story.
You must draw that sharp sword out/and, sitting there, prevent the powerless heads/ of those who've died from coming near the blood" (Book 10. Lines 683-685. Page 206
Image of Circe retrieved from: http://thanasis.com/cir001.jpg
In book twelve Odysseus faces his ordeal. He faces the Sirens, Scylla, and Charybdis: beast who want to kill him. He must skillfully pass each of these monsters without dying. And he does.
When we saw Charybdis, we were afraid/we'd be destroyed. Then Scylla snatched away/six of my companions.
(Book 12. Lines 315-317. Page 343.)
Image of the beasts retrieved from: http://anothershittyblogbysomedouche.files.wordpress.com/2011/03/scylla-and-charybdis.jpg
Odysseus and his crew receive the reward of rest! Finally they are almost home free. They can go to their wives and children. They are so close. They rest on the island of Helios.
"we moved our ship/inside a hollow harbour, by a spring/whose water tasted sweet"(Book 12. Lines 398-400. Page 245).
Island of Helios painting retrieved from: http://odysseythemesandcharacters.edublogs.org/files/2013/03/HELIOS-CATLE-109l9dp.jpg
Odysseus' men are starving. So they kill one of Helios' cattle. All of his crew are killed in a storm that Zeus makes. Odysseus finds himself on Calypso's island.
"After their prayers, they cut the creature's throats" (Book 12. Line 469. Page 247).
Stormy sea retrieved from: http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-abVYeVhcp0g/UES4f0dv2JI/AAAAAAAAAQQ/gzPw0tTrPCM/s1600/stormy_sea_by_alexlinde-d3y6mgd.jpeg
Odysseus gets back to Ithaca and enters his own house. He beats the suitors in the arrow contest. While beating the suitors he was transformed as a beggar. But then he is resurrected back as Odysseus!
"and with a sure aim let the arrow fly. It did not miss/not even a single top on all the axe heads" (Book 21. Lines 532-533. Page 427).
Odysseus shooting through the axes image retrieved from: http://ic.pics.livejournal.com/helens_daughter/35448552/20966/20966_300.jpg
I think the shapeshifter in this story is actually Odysseus. He truly does shift his form during this resurrection step. He goes from being a beggar to Odysseus. This is deceiving to the suitors.
"Then shrewd Odysseus stripped of his rags" (Book 22. Line 1. Page 429
Odysseus changing shape image retrieved from: http://englishare.net/literature/Odysseus-nurse-HS.jpg
Return With Elixir
Odysseus kills all the suitors and then he is finally at home once again. He gets his loving wife, Penelope, back and his son, Telemachus.
"Should she come up to him, hold his hands/and kiss them?" (Book 23. Lines 409-410. Page 452).
Odysseus and Penelope image retrieved from: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Odysseus_und_Penelope_(Tischbein).jpg/1280px-Odysseus_und_Penelope_(Tischbein).jpg
Odyssey: The Hero's Journey of Odysseus.
The Hero
Citations
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Image of Odysseus. N.d. Photograph. n.p. Web. 13 Oct 2013. <digboston.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/Odysseus.jpg>.
Image of Odysseus and Calypso. N.d. Photograph. n.p. Web. 13 Oct 2013. <http://www.greekmyths-greekmythology.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/calypso-odysseus-1.jpg>.
Image of Athena Helping Odysseus. N.d. Photograph. DeviantArt.comWeb. 13 Oct 2013. <http://fc02.deviantart.net/fs71/f/2010/039/0/1/Athena_and_Odysseus_by_GeniusBee.jpg>.
Image of Athena. N.d. Photograph. WikipediaWeb. 13 Oct 2013. <http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Athena_Parthenos_LeQuire.jpg>.
Image of The Lotus Eaters. N.d. Photograph. Worpress.comWeb. 13 Oct 2013. <http://hopestands.files.wordpress.com/2012/07/the_lotus_eaters_by_maebelleine-d34w8pa.jpg>.
Image of The Lotus Flower. N.d. Photograph. n.p. Web. 13 Oct 2013. <http://www.flower-images.net/sites/default/files/lotus-flower.jpg>.
Image of the Cyclops. N.d. Photograph. n.p. Web. 13 Oct 2013. <http://www.campusscope.co.kr/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/cyclops.jpg>.
Image of Odysseus Stabbing the Cyclops. N.d. Photograph. n.p. Web. 13 Oct 2013. <http://0.tqn.com/d/ancienthistory/1/7/Q/N/cyclops_Odysseus.jpg>.
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Image of a Stormy Sea. N.d. Photograph. Blogspot.comWeb. 13 Oct 2013. <http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-abVYeVhcp0g/UES4f0dv2JI/AAAAAAAAAQQ/gzPw0tTrPCM/s1600/stormy_sea_by_alexlinde-d3y6mgd.jpeg>.
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Image of a Odysseus. N.d. Photograph. Englishshare.netWeb. 13 Oct 2013. <http://englishare.net/literature/Odysseus-nurse-HS.jpg>.
Image of a Odysseus and Penelope . N.d. Photograph. WikipediaWeb. 13 Oct 2013. <http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Odysseus_und_Penelope_(Tischbein).jpg/1280px-Odysseus_und_Penelope_(Tischbein).jpg>.