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Direct and Indirect Instruction

How can direct instruction be considered culturally responsive

How Can Indirect Instruction be Considered Culturally Responsive?

Student engagement in the culturally diverse classroom is promoted by accepting unique learner responses, reducing competitiveness, promoting pure interaction, and conveying a sense of nurturance and caring.

  • Accept the student's way of understanding new concepts.
  • Reduce feelings of competitiveness
  • Increase opportunities for social reinforcement
  • Facilitate group achievement
  • Use culturally appropriate eye contact with students
  • Balance compliments and reinforcement equally

The students experience different cultures from the thoughts of their classmates. Which develops social framing.

How do teachers provide feedback?

1. Correct, quick, and firm

  • acknowledge the correct response or either ask another question of the same student or move to another student.

2. Correct but hesitant

  • provide a reinforcing statement and restate the facts, rules, or steps needed for the right answer.

3. Incorrect due to carelessness

  • indicate that the response is incorrect and quickly move on to the next student without further comment.

4. Incorrect due to lack of knowledge

  • engage the student in finding the correct response with hints, probes, or a related but similar question.

How can examples, non examples, question, learner experience, student ideas, student evaluations, and group discussion be used?

Examples &

Non-Examples

Examples help to make the experience more realistic, provides evidence, and includes all the characteristics of what they are discussing

For non-examples all the attributes needed are not present

Questions

Questions are used to guide and direct the discussion.

Indirect instruction uses them to get them thinking and form new ideas

Questions allow the students to make conclusions without very much assistance from the teacher.

Learner Experience

Learner experience is more authentic and is the primary point of reference.

Student Ideas

Student ideas encourage students to use examples from their own lives and share mental strategies.

Student ideas prompts students to associate material and relate it to the students interest.

Student Evaluation

Is used so the students take responsibility for their own instruction.

Students are able to provide reasons for their answers.

Group Discussion

Encourages critical thinking

Promotes the cooperative reasoning that is necessary in a democratic society

What does practice look like with direct instruction

Prompting

Verbal Prompts

Gestural Prompts

Physical Prompts

Least-to-Most Intrusive Prompting

Full-class Prompting

Modeling

Consider concept learning, inquiry learning, problem-centered learning, induction and deduction in relation to indirect instruction.

The teaching of concepts, inquiry, and problem solving are different forms of indirect instruction that actively involve your learners in seeking resolutions to questions and issues while they construct new knowledge. Indirect instruction is an approach to teaching and learning in which the process is inquiry, the content involves concepts, and the context is a problem.

What are some direct instruction strategies?

1. Monitor and Diagnosing

2. Presenting and Structuring

3. Guided Student Practice

4. Providing Feedback and Correcting Errors

5. Teaching Mastery

6. Review over time

What are some teaching strategies for indirect instruction?

  • Use of advance organizers.
  • Conceptual movement- inductive and deductive.
  • Use of examples and non examples
  • Use of questions
  • Use of student ideas
  • Student self-evaluation
  • Use of group discussion

When should teachers use the direct instruction approach?

Is best when your purpose is to disseminate information not readily available from software, texts, or workbooks in appropriately sized pieces.

Another time to use direct instruction strategies is when you wish to arouse or heighten student interest.

What does indirect instruction look like in the classroom?

Indirect instruction is mainly student-centered. Indirect instruction seeks a high level of student involvement in observing, investigating, drawing inferences from data, or forming hypotheses. It takes advantage of students' interest and curiosity, often encouraging them to generate alternatives or solve problems.

In indirect instruction, the role of the teacher shifts from lecturer/director to that of facilitator, supporter, and resource person. The teacher arranges the learning environment, provides opportunity for student involvement, and, when appropriate, provides feedback to students while they conduct the inquiry (Martin, 1983).

What does direct instruction look like in the classroom?

Direct instruction is a teacher-centered or software-centered strategy in which you and/or the computer is a major information provider

In the direct instruction model, facts, rules and action sequences are presented to students in the most direct way possible.

How is constructivism related to indirect instruction?

According to constructivist theories, indirect instruction is important because knowledge results by forming rules and hypotheses about "reality" from one's own perspective.

What is Direct Instruction?

What is indirect instruction?

A group of strategies for teaching knowledge acquisition involving facts, rules, and action sequences.

An approach to teaching and learning in which concepts, patterns, and relationships are taught in the context of strategies that emphasize concept learning, inquiry learning, and problem-centered learning.

Jalisa & Angela

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