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Nationalism & Sectionalism

Nationalism Unites the Country

In 1815 President James Madison presented a plan to make America self sufficient with their economy.

Their goals were;

Establish a protective tariff

Establish a national bank

and

Improve the transportation system

tariff: a tax against forgein goods to protect the home economy

Roads and Canals Link Cities

John C. Calhoun of South Carolina also wanted better transportation.

He said, "Let us bind the Republic together with a perfect system of roads and canals."

When he said this in 1817, it started to build an era called "The Age of Canals"

The Erie Canal was built during this time in 1825.

This made it possible for the Farm goods to go East, and the manufactured goods go West.

The railroads did start to come into play though.

In 1830, there was only thirty miles worth of railroad track.

In 1850 there was over 9,000 miles of railroad track.

The Era of Good Feelings

As nationalism spread, people felt more loyal to the federal government than their own territorial ones.

Nationalism: the feeling of pride, loyalty, and protectivness toward your country

Political differences started to fall away;

The Supreme court started to define what their laws meant;

And the federalists grew in power

Settling National Boundaries

This nationalist spirit made leaders want to expand their borders.

They made two agreements with Britain.

The Rush-Bagot Agreement (1817) limited each sides naval power on the Great Lakes

And at the Convention of 1818 the two nations set the 49th parallel as the border between Canada and the US.

They also had agreements and treaties with Spain, but they were both at a standoff.

The two nations disagreed on the boundries of the Louisiana Purhase, pirates and runaway slaves hid in Spanish Florida, and the Seminoles raided Georgian settlemnts.

President Monroe ordered General Andrew Jackson to stop the Seminole raids, but not corner the Spaniards.

Jackson went into the Floridas and claimed them for the United States. Monroe told Jackson to withdraw, but they gave Spain a choice.

Either they could patrol the borders, or turn them over to the US.

The Adams‐Onís Treaty was agreed on.

Spain gave up the Floridas, and claim to the land in the West, called Oregon Country.

Sectional Tensions Increase

The US started to split of in two groups:

Nationalism

Sectionalism

Sectionalism-is loyalty to the interests of your own region.

Economic changes were a huge part in this;

The Southerners were loyal to their cotton plantations,

and the Northerners were loyal to their manufactioning plants

This started to tear the country apart at the seams.

When Missouri applied for statehood in 1817, this became a major issue.

At the time, there were 11 slave states, and 11 free states. If Missouri was allowed into the growing US, their position on slavery could tip the balance of power.

The Missouri Compromise

For months they debated over the views of Missouri.

Then, finally, a compromise.

Maine, which before was a part of Massachusettes, wanted to be admitted too.

Since Maine was located in the Free States area, they compromised.

If Missouri were to be named a slave state, Maine would be a free state.

Therefore, the Senate would be equal in representatives.

The Monroe Doctrine

The nation was also in danger from the European Superpowers.

In Latin America, some colonies started to fight for their independance from Spain and Portugal.

England encouaged them, and to Americans feared that England or one of the other monarchies might try to weaken America and possibly establish a colony close by.

In 1823 President Monroe issued the Monroe Doctrine.

It stated that the Americas were closed off from further colonization.

It also stated that The United States would stay out of European affairs, unless it concerned them.

America was united once again, but they still had differences and limitations.

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