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Education

  • not a priority in the state
  • families thought it was more important for children to stay home than to go to school
  • Landowners didn't want to pay the taxes for a school system
  • State legislature didn't follow the rules:
  • NC State Constitution of 1776 said schools should "be established by the Legislature for the convenient Instruction of Youth, with such Salaries to the Masters paid by the Public"
  • We had "academies" or schools that depended on local interests and funding

North Carolina in the 1800s:

Under the Surface

Government

  • Unequal representation in NC legislature: determined by county
  • eastern NC had greatest number of counties, and the smallest percentage of the state's voting population
  • eastern NC basically governed NC
  • 1777-1836: only 6 out of the 24 men that served as governor were from the west
  • County Competition: when the west would establish a new county, easterners would divide an eastern county (similar to what happened during Regulator movement)
  • the west could not gain any momentum
  • Wealthy landowners from east controlled the legislature

Economy

  • NC was a one-crop agricultural state- cotton. Easy to clean with Whitney's cotton gin
  • Neglected food crops. They had to be brought from other states at a high price
  • NC had little industry, commerce, and banking
  • Wealthy landowners invested money in slave labor rather than making agricultural improvements

Geography/Isolation

  • People in NC lived scattered apart on farms
  • There were few towns and a small amount of trade
  • No good transportation or communication
  • individualism: people only concerned with their own needs and freedoms
  • they did not welcome state officials regarding taxes or laws

Farm Conditions/ Migration

  • NC farm conditions were poor. Farmers rarely improved land or its fertility
  • 1815-1833 NC land value plummeted
  • We lacked quality transportation and communication
  • rivers were hard to navigate
  • roads not maintained
  • no bridges
  • floods
  • Farmers could not get to market!
  • 1815-1850: 1/3 of NC population migrated because of these conditions
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