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discussion

Activity!

privilege chain

empathy

Relational-Cultural THeory

  • Founded by the work of Jean Baker Miller; wrote the book Toward New Psychology of Women.

  • Grew from push-back to white, male, dominated culture which views relationships as a means-to-an-end and a view of “woman” as defined as white, economically privileged, able-bodied, heterosexual.

  • Power differentials, marginalization, and privilege lead to disconnection and disempowerment, while mutual respect, mutual openness to change, and responsiveness lead to mutuality which is the basis of growth-fostering relationships.

  • People grow through and toward relationships
  • Movement toward mutuality rather than separation characterizes mature functioning
  • The ability to participate in increasingly complex and diversified relational networks characterizes psychological growth
  • Mutual empathy and mutual empowerment are at the core of growth-fostering relationships
  • Authenticity is necessary for real engagement in growth-fostering relationships

Transforming disconnections

RCT in the Therapeutic Process

  • RCT asks it’s counselors to be highly aware of their own social, cultural, and developmental ideas and understand the experience of their clients in the larger context of development, social and cultural realities
  • Counselor seeks to address discrepant relational images and move clients toward relational resilience
  • Rather than diagnostic labeling, RCT counselors help clients conceptualize themselves within the broader social and cultural context
  • Focus on relationships, rather than autonomy as the cornerstone of growth
  • A strong, connected therapeutic relationship can serve as a model of a growth-fostering relationship

Central Relational Paradox

  • People yearn for connection and belonging, but this yearning leads them to feel vulnerable. To avoid the risk of being hurt or rejected individuals use protective strategies that result in further disconnection

How do we transform disconnections?

  • Collaborative process: The social worker and client are mutually challenged to work collectively through disconnection
  • Broaching
  • To broach effectively, social workers must understand their own and their clients racial/ethnic/other identities.
  • Challenging negative relational images
  • Relational images are the relational expectations of how individuals will respond

OVerview

Rachel Bristow, Carrie Torn, Nela Guzman, Michelle Binion, Janeth Perez-Dominguez

  • RCT is based on the assumption that the experiences of isolation, shame, humiliation, oppression, marginalization, and microaggressions are relational violations and traumas

  • Addresses the relational experiences of women and persons in other devalued cultural groups
  • Grounded in the idea that healing takes place in the context of mutually empathic, growth fostering relationships

  • Identifies and deconstructs obstacles to mutuality

disconnections

  • RCT assumption: all humans yearn for love and belonging

  • Healing takes place in the context of mutually empathic, growth-fostering relationships
  • A fundamental and complex process of active participation in the development and growth of other people and the relationship that results in mutual development (Miller & Stiver, 1997); such a relationship creates growth in both (or more) people.
  • Role Play

  • Interactions in relationships where mutual empathy and mutual empowerment do not occur. This can involve disappointment or sense of being misunderstood.

  • Inevitable part of all relationships

  • If a disconnection cannot be transformed, it can lead to condemned isolation
  • feeling of deep isolation and being left out of the human community.

five good things

Empathy is a two-way process.

  • Both participants should be open to affecting and being affected by the other person.

Both people move with a sense of

  • mutual respect
  • an intention for mutual growth
  • and an increasing capacity for connectedness

In a mutually empathic encounter, everyone's experience is broadened and deepened because people are:

  • empathically attuned
  • emotionally responsive
  • authentically present
  • open to change

Both people must see, know, and feel that they are being responded to, having an impact, and mattering to

one another.

  • One assumption of RCT is that all people yearn for connection and belonging

  • RCT defines connection as an interaction between two or more people that is mutually empathic and mutually empowering.

  • Relational Movement - process of movement through connections and disconnections

  • The Five Good Things are outcomes of being in connection

Each person has more accurate picture of him/herself and other person

identity activity

greater sense of worth

increased connection to others and greater motivation to connect with others outside of primary relationships

Relationships

discussing oppression

mutual empathy

Connections

History

Greater Sense of Zest!

each person is more able to act and does act in the world

Core tenets

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