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SP1. Students will analyze the relationships between force, mass, gravity, and the motion of

objects.

a. Calculate average velocity, instantaneous velocity, and acceleration in a given frame of reference.

b. Compare and contrast scalar and vector quantities.

c. Compare graphically and algebraically the relationships among position, velocity, acceleration, and time.

Physics Project

SP1. Students will analyze the relationships between force, mass, gravity, and the motion of

objects.

a. Calculate average velocity, instantaneous velocity, and acceleration in a given frame of reference.

b. Compare and contrast scalar and vector quantities.

c. Compare graphically and algebraically the relationships among position, velocity, acceleration, and time

Work is the act of moving an object against gravity and changing its energy. In the pictures above, work is applied by the person to lift the weights up, against gravity. The amount of power you apply to do this work is based on the amount of time it takes you to do the work, so the faster you move an object against gravity, the more power needed to complete the task.

SP3. Students will evaluate the forms and transformations of energy.

a. Analyze, evaluate, and apply the principle of conservation of energy and measure the

components of work-energy theorem by

• describing total energy in a closed system.

• identifying different types of potential energy.

• calculating kinetic energy given mass and velocity.

• relating transformations between potential and kinetic energy.

b. Measure and calculate the vector nature of momentum.

c. Compare and contrast elastic and inelastic collisions.

d. Demonstrate the factors required to produce a change in momentum.

e. Analyze the relationship between temperature, internal energy, and work done in a physical system.

f. Analyze and measure power.

Free fall is the state in which the only force acting on an object is gravity. When an object is dropped and is now in free fall, it will continue to accelerate at -9.8 m/s/s until it hits the ground. In the picture above, once the ball is dropped, neglecting air resistance, the only force being applied was gravity and that's what made the ball continue to fall until it hit the ground.

Magnetic forces are very powerful, and are used to attract materials towards the magnet. In the picture, because the nails are made of a magnetic material that are attracted to the magnet, the nails are pulled off the counter and towards the magnet.

SP5. Students will evaluate relationships between electrical and magnetic forces.

a. Describe the transformation of mechanical energy into electrical energy and the transmission of electrical

energy.

d. Determine the relationship between moving electric charges and magnetic fields

We see acceleration everyday, from cars flying past us, to us running down a hill. Acceleration occurs when there's a change in velocity, which happens when you speed up, slow down, or change directions. This picture is an example of how we measure acceleration in everyday life, most commonly in our cars by our speedometer.

Projectiles are defined as an object where the only force working on the object is gravity. The tennis ball is an example of a projectile because after its initial force provided by the racket, there is no longer anything propelling the ball upward. Instead only gravity is present, pulling the ball back down.

SP1. Students will analyze the relationships between force, mass, gravity, and the motion of objects.

b. Compare and contrast scalar and vector quantities.

c. Compare graphically and algebraically the relationships among position, velocity, acceleration, and time.

f. Measure and calculate two-dimensional motion (projectile and circular) by using component vectors.

Mackenzie Rideout

Sound waves are a form of mechanical waves, because they require a medium to exist. Once the sound wave is made, it is projected through elastic surfaces including air. For a guitar, you strumming the cords creates the sound waves, which are then projected through the air.

SP4. Students will analyze the properties and applications of waves.

b. Experimentally determine the behavior of waves in various media in terms of reflection, refraction, and

diffraction of waves.

c. Explain the relationship between the phenomena of interference and the principle of superposition.

d. Demonstrate the transfer of energy through different mediums by mechanical waves.

In a collision, while it may look like on object receives the majority of the impact, both objects receive the same impulse during a collision. As for pool table balls, this is an elastic collision. What that means is when the cue ball breaks the pack of balls, all of the momentum from the cue ball is transferred to the other balls and they bounce off each other sending the cue ball in the opposite direction of the rest of the balls, and sending the pack of balls flying out in various directions.

SP3. Students will evaluate the forms and transformations of energy.

a. Analyze, evaluate, and apply the principle of conservation of energy and measure the

components of work-energy theorem by

• describing total energy in a closed system.

• identifying different types of potential energy.

• calculating kinetic energy given mass and velocity.

• relating transformations between potential and kinetic energy.

b. Measure and calculate the vector nature of momentum.

c. Compare and contrast elastic and inelastic collisions.

d. Demonstrate the factors required to produce a change in momentum.

e. Analyze the relationship between temperature, internal energy, and work done in a physical system.

f. Analyze and measure power.

In Newton's third law, it is proven that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. So, when the golf club strikes the golf ball, the ball applies the same amount of force to the golf club, but the golf ball goes much further than the golf club because their masses are very different.

SP3. Students will evaluate the forms and transformations of energy.

a. Analyze, evaluate, and apply the principle of conservation of energy and measure the

components of work-energy theorem by

• describing total energy in a closed system.

• identifying different types of potential energy.

• calculating kinetic energy given mass and velocity.

• relating transformations between potential and kinetic energy.

b. Measure and calculate the vector nature of momentum.

c. Compare and contrast elastic and inelastic collisions.

d. Demonstrate the factors required to produce a change in momentum.

e. Analyze the relationship between temperature, internal energy, and work done in a physical system.

f. Analyze and measure power.

SP1. Students will analyze the relationships between force, mass, gravity, and the motion of objects.

d. Measure and calculate the magnitude of frictional forces and Newton’s three Laws of Motion.

e. Measure and calculate the magnitude of gravitational forces.

f. Measure and calculate two-dimensional motion (projectile and circular) by using component vectors.

g. Measure and calculate centripetal force.

h. Determine the conditions required to maintain a body in a state of static equilibrium.

Friction is a major force that is used to slow down an object by applying a force in the opposite direction. A bike wheel brake is an example of this because when the brake presses down on the wheel friction begins to take place between the wheel and the pad slowing the wheel and bike down.

SP5. Students will evaluate relationships between electrical and magnetic forces.

a. Describe the transformation of mechanical energy into electrical energy and the transmission of electrical

energy

Static electricity is a stationary electric charge. This charge can cause clothes to stick together, hair to stand up and sparks to fly. Static electricity is produced by friction, so in the picture above when you rub your hair on a balloon the friction created makes your hair cling to the balloon.

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