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TORCH Syndrome
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Transcript
TORCH Syndrome
What is TORCH Syndrome?
- It refers to a viral infection of a developing fetus or newborn by any of a group of infectious agents.
- "TORCH" is an acronym meaning (T)oxoplasmosis, (O)ther Agents, (R)ubella (also known as German Measles), (C)ytomegalovirus, and (H)erpes Simplex.
- This disease can happen to anyone around the world, mostly to babies.
- Highest incidences was said to be in Europe and Africa.
Transmission
- Infection of a fetus by any of the infectious agents that have been transmitted from the mother to the placenta.
- Toxoplasmosis= coming in contact with an infected cat.
- Rubella and Herpes Simplex= cough, saliva, blood.
- Cytomegalovirus= bodily fluids, breast milk, saliva.
Mortality and Morbidity Rate
Symptoms
- Enlargened liver
- Enlargene spline
- Abnormalties
- Mental retardation
- Hearing loss
- Fetal death
- Hemorrhagic skin spots
- Toxoplasmosis= 85%, over 60 million.
- Rubelle= 33%, 80 out of 100 babies.
- Cytomegalovirus= 20-30%, 50-80% of people.
- Herpes Simplex= 50%, 3.7 billion under 50 years old.
Treatment and Prevention
- Treatment of infants is based upon the agent, the stage of fetal development, how severe the infection is and symptoms.
- Toxoplasmosis= administration of pyrimethamine with sulfadiazine.
- Herpes simplex= antiviral agent acyclovir.
- Rubella or cytomegalovirus primarily includes symptomatic and supportive measures.
- Prevention from torch infections includes wash hands, cook meats thoroughly, vaccines against measles, amd avoid contact with people who have one of the agents.
Historical and Interesting facts
Diagnosis
- Tests
- Doctors test newborns for certain symptoms that could result as a torch infection.
- Clinical Analysis
- Doctors look for key symptoms such as bone structures, blood count, cerebrospinal fluid, etc.
- Toxoplasma gondii was discovered in rodents in 1908 by Nicolle and Manceaux. It wasn't until 1932 that it was found to be an agent of disease in congenitally infected infants.
- Rubella was considered to be a form of the measles. The name Rubella is Latin for "little red."
- Herpes goes as early as ancient Greek times. The greek word "herpes" means "to creep or crawl" relating to the spreading nature of the herpetic skin lesions.
- Cytomegalovirus is almost never symptomatic within a patient. It stays hidden, only a few people shows symptoms.
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