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Transkript

CHARACTER CONFLICT

ACTIONS

Eva Smith ended her life by drinking detergent. This was one of the only options for her because of her monetary situation, therefore bleach was the cheapest method, and was easiest to acquire.

She also had to sell her body to strangers to survive, as she had been fired from so many positions and could not find another job. She was forced to choose this job as it requires no previous experience nor skill or qualifications, which she did not have. She was uneducated and had no other choice. In her desperation, she was willing to do something so demoralising, which showed her will to fight at the time. However, soon after, she lost this determination.

Eric Birling had offered money to Eva Smith. This money was stolen from his father, Arthur Birling. Smith suspected that it was stolen, and therefore refused it. This shows her abundance of dignity and pride, as well as morality. She may have felt that it was wrong and dishonest. to make use of money that was acquired in a wrongful fashion.

Mr Birling → “she’d been working in one of our machine shops for

over a year” (pg 172). She was fired after asking for a pay rise and going on strike. This shows that Mr Birling did not care for her as a human being, and focused all his interest in his monetary gain, even though he could easily have given the pay rise to the group of girls who had requested it, or at least negotiated. This lead to her being out of work for 2 months. Mr Birling appears to dislike her, by calling her a “wretched girl”(pg 13). He hardly knew her personally, yet calls her this, which shows that he takes no true interest in her, nor has an feelings of empathy. He assumes that she “got herself into trouble”. It demonstrates his prejudice towards girls of the working class.

Sheila Birling → Sheila shopped at Milwards, which is where Eva worked for a short period of time. It is said “that a customer complained about her – and so she had to go” (pg 19). Sheila had seen Eva looking at her wearing a dress, and thought she was laughing at her. This prompted her to talk to the manager and demand that Eva be fired or else she would cease shopping at Milwards. Sheila was a loyal customer, therefore the shop accepted. Once again, this demonstrates the prejudice that a character had towards Eva. This time it was not due to her class, but due to the fact that she was a pretty young woman (and Sheila thought Eva would look better in the dress). Sheila was jealous of Eva, and this envy is what lead her to be released from her position at Milwards.

Gerald Croft→ Gerald said “‘she looked young and fresh and charming and

altogether out of place down there” (pg 33). He was referring to him seeing her at the Palace Bar as a prostitute. He believes Eva is above this type of work, by using words like “fresh” and “charming”, which both have very positive connotations, and are juxtaposed with the idea of prostitution. Gerald seems to respect Eva Smith, unlike the Birlings, and does not judge her based on her class nor what she must do to survive, despite the fact that she had resorted to prostitution. Eva Smith wanted to have a close friend or lover who she could talk to and confide in, but did not want to be who she was (and wanted to forget). She did this by going by her other name, Daisy Renton. “She wanted to talk about herself…but at the same

time she wanted to be Daisy Renton - and not Eva Smith.”. This shows that she wanted to create another identity for herself and be re-created and new. She wanted to start over and make a new life for herself. Eva was aware of the harsh reality, and was a rationalist. This is demonstrated when she ended the relationship between herself and Gerald. “She told me she’d been happier than she’d ever been before – but that she knew it couldn’t last – hadn’t

expected it to last.” (pg 193). She is sensible, and understands that the relationship was not going to last a long time, and accepts it. This shows that she is rational by seeing that some things could not possibly be sustained.

CONNECTIONS TO THEMES

-The Effects of Class on Treatment: Mistreatment of Eva by the Birlings due to her class. "Of that class" - Mrs Birling.

-Cause & Effect: Different actions by different members of the Birling family were contributors into the suicide of Eva Smith

-Social Duty: Central theme. “We do not live alone, we are members of one body.” says the Inspector. The Birlings initially did not believe they had to take responsibility for what happened to Eva.

BACKGROUND

Eva Smith (also known as Daisy Renton) was of working class. Neither of her parents are living, and she was originally from outside of Brumley. As compared to the Birlings, Eva Smith is of lower class. She is a working class girl. This fact has lead to a lot of prejudice and assumptions, especially made my the Birlings.

Timeline:

September 1910 → Worked for Mr Birling but was fired

December → Hired at Milwards

January → Fired due to Sheila complaining

March 1911 → Met Gerald at the local pub. Begins to stay at Morgan Terrace

September → The affair with Gerald ends

November → Met Eric at the Palace bar. Meets him again 2 weeks later.

Two weeks later → Meets Mrs Birling (and she refuses to help Eva)

Present → Kills herself by drinking detergent. “She died in misery and agony”

SETTING

SYMBOLS

Eva Smith herself is a symbol. The name Eva is very similar to “Eve”, who was the first woman according to the bible. Smith is also the most common surname in the UK. She represents all the women like her, of the working class. She demonstrates the ill-treatment and hardships that they must go through. This also leads the reader to believe that Eva Smith was in fact not just one person, but was instead a group of girls that the Birlings had mistreated.

The Birlings were also an epitomisation of people of higher class, who had privilege in comparison, and therefore misuse their power for bad deeds that hurt others.

Inspector Goole is used to voice Priestley’s belief in socialism, and as a counter attack to Mr Birling’s capitalist beliefs. “Public men, Mr Birling, have responsibilities as well as privileges” (Page 39). Goole embodies empathy, but also symbolises the conscience of the people, by reminding them of the effects they have on others.

Eva lived at Morgan Terrace thanks to Gerald Croft, who helped her to stay in the room. This was a temporary home, as with most other places she had lived (for example, she stayed at the seaside for 2 months after ending her affair with Gerald). The temporariness of her living arrangements are reflected in the fleetingness of almost every other aspect in her life. Throughout the story, she never has a stable job and has been fired from each one and does not have any permanent relationships with anyone (as she had short affairs with both Gerald and Eric). This is also the case because she was a prostitute, so was likely to only have relations with many men for one night only. Not only are these things in her life impermanent, as was her life, before she ended it at a young age.

EVA SMITH

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