Audio Transcript Auto-generated
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Hello everyone today.
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We're gonna be talking about the third grade science standard
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Matter and its interactions.
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The standard has three separate parts.
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The first part is to describe the properties of solids,
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liquids and gases and identify that matter is made up
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of particles too small to be seen.
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The second one is to differentiate between changes caused by
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heating or cooling that can be reversed and that cannot
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and to describe and compare the physical properties of matter,
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including color, texture, shape, length, mass and so on.
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So first we're going to talk about matter in its
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different forms.
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So the first form of matter that we're going to
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talk about is going to be solids.
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So solids have three characteristics which are a definite shape,
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a definite mass and a definite volume.
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So solids to um not have to take the shape
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of a certain container.
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They have their own definite shape that doesn't change.
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Um They have their own definite mass, meaning that they
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take up um the same amount of space consistently and
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they have a definite volume.
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So some examples of solid would be like a shoe,
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even cupcake would be considered a solid a crayon, anything
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that you can hold in your hand and has a
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definite shape.
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Mass and volume would be considered a solid.
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The next form of matter we're gonna be talking about
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is liquids.
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So liquids do not have a definite shape, but they
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do have a definite volume.
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Liquids take the shape of their container.
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So for example, water, we take the shape of the
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container that it's in, Water is considered a liquid.
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So this water eight years in this water bottle.
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So the water doesn't have its own definite shape, but
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it's taking the shape of the water bottle which is
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its container.
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Some examples of liquids are like we said water, rain
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the water that's in the ocean, a drink like a
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coke or juice or coffee.
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Those are all considered liquids.
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Um Even things like lotion, um glue, milk, Those are
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all considered liquids because they take the shape of a
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container and they have a definite volume and they don't
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have their own definite shape.
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The last matter or form of matter that we're gonna
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be talking about is gases.
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So gases expand to fill the container that they're in.
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So for example, whenever you blow up a beach ball,
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the air that's in that beach ball is considered a
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gas because it's expanding to fill that container.
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But the gas itself doesn't have its own definite shape
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or a definite volume.
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Some other examples of gas might be the steam of
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a hot cup, like a hot cup of hot chocolate.
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The steam that's coming out that would be considered a
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gas. Um even like cloud to be considered gases because
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they don't have a definite shape.
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You can fly through clouds um and they don't have
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like a mass or a volume.
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So we already covered those forms of matter.
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So what we're gonna be talking about next is how
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adding heating and cooling.
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Two forms of matter can change them into different forms
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of matter.
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So for example if you have a a solid like
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ice, so ice is considered a solid, if you apply
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heat to ice you can change into a different form
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of matter to a liquid by changing it into water.
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So whenever ice melts into water, that form of matter
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is changing from solid to liquid, then you can do
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the opposite and you can make water into ice, turning
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a liquid into a solid by cooling it.
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So if you're cooling that liquid, so you're cooling water
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and you're turning into ice, you're turning it from a
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liquid to a solid.
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You can either um you can even go from liquids
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to gases.
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So for example, whenever you're boiling water, um like for
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example, you want to make soup whenever you're boiling that
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water and that steam is coming off, that's actually the
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liquid evaporating and turning into a gas.
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So you can go from liquids to gases.
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You can even go from solid to gas is because
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for example, we all know what dry ice is.
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Whenever uh you put dry ice out into open air.
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Whenever you open a container of dry ice, a gas
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comes out, that's the solid, reacting with the heat that's
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in the air and therefore turning from a solid to
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a gas.
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It's not turning into a liquid before it turns into
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a gas, um you're going straight from solid to a
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gas, which is one example um is another example of
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how you can change um Different forms of matter.
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So by applying heating or cooling two forms of matter.
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You can change them from one form to another.
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Like freezing um Water would turn it into ice, making
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a liquid to a solid or applying heat to ice
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would turn that into into water so that's turning solid
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to liquid.
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And then finally, like we discussed dry ice whenever it
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reacts with the heat that's in the air, it turns
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from a solid to a gas.
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Now the last thing that we're going to talk about,
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the last part of the standard is to describe and
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compare the physical properties of matter.
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So all these physical, all these forms of matter have
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their own physical properties.
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So they all have their own color texture shape.
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For example, like the color of coffee is different from
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the color of water.
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Water doesn't have a color, it's clear, but coffee could
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be brown um depending on what you add to it,
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it changes color.
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Um textures are different.
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So like the texture of a pillow is going to
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be different from the texture of this water bottle right
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here. It has a smooth plastic texture.
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Whereas a pillow might be more fluffy, you might be
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softer. The mass of different items are different as well
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um depending on your form of matter or what the
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matter is.
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So different forms of matter or different objects even in
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those forms of matter are going to have different masses.
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So one item might be heavier than another, even though
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they're both considered solids.
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So everything solids, liquids and gases all have their own
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physical properties.
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So in conclusion, solids, liquids and gases are the three
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different types or different forms of matter, and then you
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can change different forms, um, to something else by heating
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or cooling it.
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And then, lastly, the physical properties of matter.
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So it's important to recognize that all different types of
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objects or forms of matter have different physical properties.