Speech III Review

Audio Transcript Auto-generated

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  Hello and welcome back to class.

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  Today we are going to review speech.

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  Three. I'd like to address some concerns that people have

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  expressed to me and that I have for some of

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  your outlines.

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  So we're going to review propositions and we're going to

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  review how to get organized.

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  Your speech.

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  Three final outlines and final recordings are do the second

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  of April.

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  I understand that that's a holiday, but you know, the

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  original due date was today.

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  I'd like to give people more time to react my

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  feedback and prepare their final drafts.

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  So before we begin, I just want to say that

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  that Speech three is a persuasive speech.

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  It's very important to remember.

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  Remember a persuasive speech in a persuasive speech.

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  We want our audience to do something and an informative

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  speech. We want our audience to know something in a

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  persuasive speech.

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  We want our audience to do something.

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  Speech three is a persuasive speech.

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  We want our audience to do something.

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  Yeah, we'll get into this a minute, but by the

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  time you hit your conclusion, you should be able to

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  express directly what, your audit, what you want your audience

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  to do.

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  How well, we develop our propositions and our general speech

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  organization. Um, depending on how well we develop those our

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  ask our call to action in the conclusion will either

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  be effective or ineffective.

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  Mm. So we're going to start with propositions.

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  Remember, a persuasive, specific purpose statement is called a proposition.

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  A proposition expresses both sides of an argument.

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  So in a proposition, you want to make sure that

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  the audience understands that there are two sides to the

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  issue that you were discussing, and you also want them

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  to understand your position.

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  Yeah, an example I like to use is this is

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  a basic example, and you don't have to structure this

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  way, but it gets the job done.

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  Um, many people believe that cats are better than dogs,

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  but while in reality dogs better than cats, simple, mundane.

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  But it gets the job done in your speeches, you're

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  gonna wanna replace that many people with a specific person.

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  It's much easier to argue against a specific person who

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  holds the opposite beliefs as we do.

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  Then it is to argue against a concept or a

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  general idea.

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  Now there are three types of propositions.

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  Proposition of fact, proposition of value and proposition of policy.

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  Now a proposition of fact.

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  When we are using a proposition of fact, we are

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  trying to persuade the audience the factual mentality of our

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  propositions. It's the simplest proposition we can make.

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  Even within a proposition of fact, However, we still need

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  to express both sides of an argument, no matter how

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  simple. Proposition value is much more complicated.

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  Yes, in a proposition of value, you are trying to

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  persuade your audience of two things.

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  One that something is unjust.

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  It could be anything It could be a grade you

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  received in this class.

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  It could be somebody spending time in prison.

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  Something happening is unjust.

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  That's the first thing that you're arguing, the fact that

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  it is unjust.

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  The second thing you were arguing is that we're trying

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  to persuade your audience of Is that the very system

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  that deemed that original thing to be unjust?

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  Um, is flawed in and of itself, and we need

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  to adopt a new system.

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  The example I like to use is you receive a

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  bad grade on one of your speeches.

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  You are arguing a proposition of value against that grade

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  in your proposition.

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  You express that not only should you have received a

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  higher grade, but the very rubric on which I base

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  to original grade is flawed.

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  Yeah, Lastly, we have a proposition of policy which I've

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  seen most of us use, uh, to great success.

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  So honestly, for this speech, if you want just a

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  proposition of policy, that might be your best bet proposition

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  policy. Something is being handled in a certain way, and

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  you feel that it could be handled better, a different

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  way. So you would express how it's being handled and

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  how it should be handled within your proposition.

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  Mhm. All right.

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  Next, we're going to learn how we're going to review

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  our organizational patterns.

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  No organizational patterns.

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  Help our audience understand our material.

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  Remember, with a persuasive speech, we want our audience to

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  do something.

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  Normally we express that something at the end of the

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  speech. But in order to get there, we need to

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  develop a roadmap for our audience, something that helps them

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  get from point a a complete lack of understanding to

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  point b, our side of the argument, our perspective, once

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  they reach our perspective through one of these clearly outlined

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  yeah methods reputation, problem, solution, synthesis, Monroe's motivated sequence or

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  competitive advantages.

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  Then we can ask them to do something explicitly and

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  directly. Now, with a reputation model, this organized pattern relies

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  on peanut partner of oppositions argument and focusing on certain

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  points and offering counterpoints.

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  Jim Jefferies did this in our video about gun control.

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  The outline I sent out also follows this method.

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  Now there are four steps to uh huh, the reputation

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  model Step number three can arguably be broken into two

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  steps, but for now, we're just going to say there

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  are four steps.

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  Yeah, Number one state The opposing argument to state your

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  reaction to opposing argument.

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  Three. Support your response with the reasoning and evidence and

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  for defend your position against any foreseeable avenue any foreseeable

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  avenues of attack state.

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  The opposing argument is a little bit more complicated than

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  it sounds.

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  You're not only expressing one of their claims, you also

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  need to give a little bit of background behind that

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  claim, So this is a good start.

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  Many people think that fishing on state land without license

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  is wrong.

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  I would go on then to talk about the the

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  specific law that prohibits it we need to flush out,

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  flush out our opponent's argument a little bit so that

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  we have something to fight against.

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  We can't just build up a weak opposition for us

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  to knock down.

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  That's called a straw man argument, and that's a logical

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  fallacy. We need to give enough of the opposition's opinions

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  and their positions so that it's satisfying when we knock

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  them down.

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  Yeah, Number two, sit your reaction to the opposing argument.

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  Now you're not just reacting emotionally.

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  You also need to react with a counterclaim.

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  So you can't just say this is ridiculous or this

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  is absurd.

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  That could be part of it.

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  But you need to follow that up with a clear

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  counterclaim that stands in opposition to your opponent's original argument

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  September 3.

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  You support your response with reasoning and evidence.

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  In this case, you would provide a source, and then

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  you would show how that source proves your initial claim

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  your counterclaim through connected logic.

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  So my counterclaim is I think it is gross infringement

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  on our rights as Americans.

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  This land is one of plenty, and ship be as

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  body belongs to all.

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  My evidence could be something on the lines of how

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  fishermen who support their families eventually worked themselves out of

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  poverty. And then I would follow that up with this

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  connected logic.

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  Those who fish without a license often do so to

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  feed their family.

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  They can afford to buy meat at the supermarket, let

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  alone steep cost of a fishing license.

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  Yeah, finally, I would defend my position against any foreseeable

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  avenues of attack.

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  It's true that people who fish without a license or

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  breaking the law, but I said, But I say that

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  any law that keeps people hungry is a law that

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  needs to be rewritten.

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  Yeah, so come with reputation pattern.

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  It's about four steps state deposing argument, your reaction.

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  You support your reaction and then you defend your position

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  against any foreseeable avenues of attack.

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  Mhm. Next.

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  We have problems.

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  Solution, synthesis.

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  So there were more basic, but it's very, uh, effective.

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  It's all about finding compromise.

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  So you introduce the argument, the general argument.

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  You start with the opposition, you present 2 to 3

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  of their supporting claims.

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  Then you introduce your position and present 2 to 3

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  of your supporting claims.

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  So again, a big part of this speech is also

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  building up the opposition.

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  That's very important.

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  We need to build up the opposition, so we have

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  something to knock down.

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  Lastly, we find solutions through common ground.

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  So after I've spent time outlining the opposition and outlining

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  my counters to the opposition, then we find common ground.

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  We find things that we agree on things that we

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  can both do to help solve the initial argument.

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  Mhm. Next, we have Monroe's motivated sequence.

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  I'm going to skip this one because nobody has done

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  it. Everyone is it on the reputation, problem solution, synthesis

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  or competitive advantages so we can move on to comparative

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  advantages. So with comparative adventures are at least two solutions

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  to a problem.

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  You agree with one of the solutions, but you don't

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  want to discount the other.

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  Some everyone is to introduce the general problem.

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  Step two is to introduce the solution that you disagree

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  with. Mhm.

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  Step three is to introduce the solution that you agree

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  with, and then you compare the two.

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  In comparing the two.

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  You're going to showcase areas with the opposition's solutions come

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  up short and where your solutions succeed.

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  We use these patterns so their audience has something to

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  pay attention to as they listen to our speech.

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  I'm not going to assign any homework tonight.

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  Clinic to do with the yeah speech Three final drafts

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  and recordings due this Friday.

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  I am free to meet any time tomorrow.

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  Everyone who would like to discuss the portals for all

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  this material is open on canvas.

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  Remember to give each other feedback to give your speaking

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  group here's feedback on their speeches.

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  Alright, guys, that's it for today.

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  Good day of a Happy Easter and I will talk

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  to you next Tuesday.