Audio Transcript Auto-generated
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already.
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So my hot topic is the effects social norms
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have on the under diagnosis of sexual masochism disorder.
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Uh I'm ELISA Cardona's, this is my co host Santana,
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he'll just be chilling in his christmas sweater.
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So to understand how social norms play into
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the under diagnosis of sexual masochism disorder.
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It's important for us to understand what sexual masochism disorder is based on GSM.
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It's individuals who openly recognize extreme
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sexual arousal as shown by fantasies,
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cravings
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or actions in response to being being humiliated,
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being tied or otherwise forced to suffer.
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And systems consist of at least six months of
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recurring or severe sexual arousal resulting from being humiliated,
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being tied or otherwise forced to suffer
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as manifested through fantasies,
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urges or behaviors which of course impairing social
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occupational and other important areas of functioning.
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Um
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Other accompanied factors that come along with SMD is
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uh consist of but are not limited to guilt,
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shame, sexual frustration,
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loneliness, psychiatric mobility, hyper sexual sexuality,
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sexual impulsivity and
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psychosocial impairments.
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So what really drew me to sexual masochism disorder was when um
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dr or Professor Pitino mentioned in class that the D. S. M.
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Is solely theory and its ever changing based on society and society has a
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huge impact on disorders in the way that we view them and I feel
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uh huh
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sexual messages um disorder is hugely impacted by society.
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Um We live in a society in the US where
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sex is not talked about sexual practices are not talked about
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at all is very uncomfortable for some people to disclose things like this.
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So I just felt
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this disorder was heavily impacted and when I saw how low um
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how low the percentage is of people who are diagnosed with SmD was, I was
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kind of surprised. So um
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yeah, I just thought that that would be a really interesting topic.
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And so some concerns regarding the diagnosis, as I mentioned,
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as in every article that I read about sexual massacres in disorder,
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It mentioned how society impacts this disorder
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um from different varieties, which I'll go over.
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But a quote that I really liked from one of the articles
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um that
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emphasized um
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the social norms around sexual practices,
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said cultural values and ideas impact sexuality and
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sexual practice in a variety of ways,
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ranging from the create
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ranging from the creation of proper and inappropriate sexual
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activities to the influence of social norms on sexuality.
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Um, I just felt that that really rings true.
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And then another concern is the lack of data.
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When like I said, when I was chosen topic, I was really excited,
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I was, I thought this was gonna like, I was like, oh my God, this is gonna be such a, like
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amazing thing to research, which it was, but the lack of data is insane.
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So,
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um within the lack of data there was an article that talked about the clinical split,
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which it's shiner and Moser and they talked about how
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there's a split between clinicians on who think on,
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some who agree that this should be a disorder and
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some who agree that it should not be a disorder.
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Um Those who agree
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kind of go along the lines of
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one of those masochists um preferences. Sexual preferences is limiting oxygen.
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And sometimes that results in suffocation
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hanging and the results in accidental death
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and 200 to 2000 people a year die accidentally um due to sexual massachusetts,
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massachusetts um practices.
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And on the other side while they acknowledge it they just feel like there is.
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When you look at the D. S. M. And you see all these other diagnosis,
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there's so much research to back it up on why it should be considered in the D. S. M.
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But sexual magnetism does not have that research.
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So I just feel like it should not be within the GSM.
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Um
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They're also I know within other
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um diagnosis used to the difference between male and female.
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If there's a difference here,
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Alan found one article which is shivers Roy and Grimson which
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they do a study that focuses on if there's a difference between
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how male and female
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um express their sexual masochism, masochistic desires and there is no difference
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but I feel like it's only one study. So how would we know if that rings true or not?
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So again there needs to be more research done.
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Um
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And then I found no research on difference between cultures and how cultures might
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express
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symptoms of SmD
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and then
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little research on treatment.
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Um I feel like if there's going to be a diagnosis in the D. V. D. S. M.
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It's important to make sure that there is research out there.
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A lot of clinicians know how to treat individuals with SmD.
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Um like I stated before it comes with guilt, shame and loneliness
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and kind of how to
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go about either doing harm reduction on reducing someone's sexual practice or
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um implementing
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CBT or stuff like that. And that's what these two articles talked about.
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Cruz Greenwald and Sandal talked about having a sex positive
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therapeutic approach and kind of letting the client know that um
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discussing sex sexuality sexual practices are always open,
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you know making the comfortable like state in the sessions.
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Um And then Lincoln and hooker talked about CBT and individualized personal plans
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to implement when treating somebody who has sexual masochists,
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masochistic disorder and like I said they use CBT for the like accompanied um
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symptoms of guilt, loneliness and shame
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and then going off of that.
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Um The relevant information about this topic since there's a lack of data,
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there's a lack of training.
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Um Cruz Greenwell and Sandal um talk about this.
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Um They mentioned that in the US there's an uncomfortable approach
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is uh there's not comfortable when approaching
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issues of sex and sexuality in therapy.
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Um They
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They before talking about sex positive therapy.
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They discuss another study which is done by
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Whitman and Sanson study which is 223 training.
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Um
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Directors of a doctoral program and doctoral psychology
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interns in the United States and they found that
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38% of graduate programs in psychology stated that
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they provide no training or course work related to
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um
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typical health,
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typical healthy sexual functions or
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of individuals.
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So they really didn't have the training um or knowledge or education surrounding
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um
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You know, sex talk.
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And then 25% of directors of counseling psychology doctoral programs
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um
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found that four programs which is only 16%
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offered a course entirely on human sexuality and
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sexual
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expression. So
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I just,
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I just, I mean, I wasn't really surprised because as a master's in social work,
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I've probably,
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our professors have probably mentioned talking to a client about, you know,
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having an addiction like sex addict, having an addiction like sex, a sex addiction,
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um but not really going into detail on how to
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treat somebody who is dealing with um para filic
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disorders which sex sexual massacres and disorder falls under,
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um
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which I feel goes into my um student position. I feel like since
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we are not trained on this disorder or any other of the
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parasitic disorders and we're not talked about different interventions on how to,
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you know, um
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work with somebody and talk to somebody on how on if they disclose this to us. It um
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compromises with our social work ethics with,
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which is which the first one which one of
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them that I feel like it affects our competency,
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which is services within the boundaries of their
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education training license and sort of certification.
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I feel like if we had a client who felt comfortable enough to disclose
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um having smd we would not we are not,
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we would not be trained enough to feel comfortable in that setting for some of us
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or even with the knowledge to know how to um
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how to go about sessions with this individual.
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Um
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Another stance I have is a disproportion between diagnosis and the research I
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mentioned before the research when you look even just looking at the D.
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S. M. I'm looking over here because I have it here.
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But when you look at all the different diagnosis, they have like
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246. You know, they have so many pages but for
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for sexual masking disorder, letter has
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1.5 of this page, so it's like 1.5 pages and it doesn't really give any information on
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um research and like distinguishing between male female, how one might present,
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how one might not different interventions to implement.
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And so I kind of drew a little chart
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on my main point of how social norms affect the under diagnosis.
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Uh sexual masochism, sexual masochism.
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Um
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so social views on sexual practices.
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Uh like I said, we live in a taboo, can uh we live in a taboo society.
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So we don't really talk about this.
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It's not something many people are comfortable speaking about,
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um which then goes into our lack of research and training.
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And if we are not even trained
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on how to assess for this or how to do sessions with this, how are we able to diagnose?
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How would we be able to get the understanding and allow the client to feel
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comfortable enough to disclose stuff for us to be able to give that diagnosis?
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So I just feel like
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since we do not have the training,
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we
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will miss a diagnosis.
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And then here are my references and thank you.