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Through the Digestive System

By: MUSA LINCOLN December 29, 2021 LE 8/9

What is the Digestive System?

Welcome to the Digestive System, one of the human body systems utilized to break down nourishment into supplements the body can utilize, and to eliminate waste! By distance it is one of the foremost fun rides within the life of nourishment, so let's learn more!

What is the Digestive System?

What's the difference between Mechanical and Chemical Digestion?

What's the difference between Mechanic...

Before you enter the digestive system, you should know that you will encounter two different types of digestion, Mechanical and Chemical. But what are they and what is the difference? Let's find out!

Mechanical Digestion

Mechanical Digestion

Mechanical Digestion is physically breaking down food into smaller pieces. You can find an example of this in the mouth, your first stop, specifically when teeth chew down food.

Chemical Digestion

Chemical Digestion

Chamical digestion is when chemicals produced by the body breaks food into smaller chemical building blocks. An example of this can also be found in the mouth, when saliva breaks down food with it's acidity.

Results of Chemical Digestion

Results of Chemical Digestion

The results of chemical digestion of...

  • Carbohydrates (In the mouth) results in the breakdown of sugars into single sugar molecules
  • Proteins (In the small intestine) results in the breakdown into small particles called peptides and amino acids.
  • Fats (In the stomach) results in breaking the fats into individual free fatty acids, which your body can use for building cell membranes, making certain hormones or absorbing fat-soluble vitamins

The digestive system does happen in the mouth since Salivary Glands, the tounge, and teeth are at work.

Enzymes

Enzymes are various proteins, and there are 4 digestive enzymes which you will need to know for the tour!

Enzymes

  • Pepsin: The chief enzyme which breaks down proteins into polypeptides
  • Amylase: An enzyme produced mainly by the salivary glands and the pancreas (an organ located behind the stomach) that helps breaks down the carbohydrates and starches we eat into simple sugars
  • Protease: An enzyme that breaks down proteins and peptides.
  • Lipase: An enzyme secreted in the digestive track that is in charge of the breakdown of fats into individual fatty acids that can be absorbed into the bloodstream

Welcome to the Ride through the Digestive System

The arrows like this indicate what you, the food, will look like when you arrive at each stop

The Mouth

The Mouth

This is open mouth image.

The mouth will look like an opening in the lower face, where a human or animal takes in food. It's where the teeth, tongue and saliva work to break down the food and form boils (a ball of mashed up ball of food and enzymes).

Parts of the Mouth

The Mouth

Mouth Parts and Definitions

Mouth Parts and Definitions

In your journey through the mouth, you will encounter:

  • Saliva: Watery fluid that consists of starches
  • Salivary Glands: Glands used to secrete saliva
  • Teeth: Hard bone used to mechanically break down food
  • Tongue: A muscle used for speaking, tasting, and eating

Esophagus

Esophagus

If you thought the mouth was a fun ride, wait till you see the esophagus, a muscular tube lined with mucus, that connects and moves food from the mouth to the stomach. Because of its long, straight shape, you will definitely enjoy the roller coaster ride feeling you get from it!

The esophagus is moving these kinds of food to the stomach.

Esophagus Parts and Definitions

Esophagus Parts and Definitions

  • Pharynx: A membrae line cavity that connects the mouth and nose to the esophagus.
  • Peristalsis: Involuntary muscle contraction that moves food onward. You will see more peristalsis when you get to the intestines, so if you miss it at this stop don't worry!

The Esophagus

The Esophagus is a long tube moving food from the mouth to stomach.

The Stomach

Stomach

What do you think of when you hear about the digestive system? Your stomach! So here is a famous part of the tour. The stomach stores food that has already been eaten and breaks it down to chyme (liquidy mixture for the small intestines) interesting fact about this stop is that most mechanical digestion happens in the stomach when muscles contract to mix and churn food. Something you might see on the way to the stomach is the liver, which is the is the largest internal organ and produces bile (a green liquid that breaks down fat particles)- so make sure you're on the lookout for it! Another organ you might see on the way is the pancreas, found between the stomach and small intestine. It produces 3 enzymes the small intestine uses to break down starches, proteins, lipids (which is another word for fats).

Stomach

The stomach is located on the left side of the upper abdomen

Small Intestine

The small intestine is a narrow part of the intestine that is between the stomach and colon. The first part of it is the duodenum, which extends from the pylorus to the jejunum. It's function is to first receive a little mixture of food at at time into the small intestine, so you'll have to patiently wait your turn. Most of the absorption of the nutrients happens through the villi (a membrane in the small intestine that absorbs nutrients). You might be wondering what happens to the bile that was in the liver. Well, right before you go into the small intestine, you can see the gallbladder, which is an organ that has the function of storing the bile.

Small Intestine

Small Intestine

The small intestine is located in the central lower abdominal cavity.

VILLI

VILLI

The Villi is a membrane in the small intestine that absorbs nutrients. It contains specialized nutriets to transport into the bloodstream. It also increases surface area. This is all around the small intestine serving as a membrane.

Large Intestine

Congrats! You're almost done with the tour! Now you have reached the large intestine, the large organ that is where water is removed out of food, before being passed out as solid waste. Then, it absorbs wasteful water(H2O), and takes it out. An extra bonus to know about water is that Hydrochloric Acid is a strongly acidic solution of hydrogen chloride in water .

Large Intestine

There is many waste in water that the large intestine absorb and takes out.

Rectum and Colon

Rectum and Colon

This is the end. The Rectum and Colon is a part of the Large Intestine. It stores all the bacteria waste. Then, it eliminates the waste. In the end it travels to the Anus (a small opening in the alimentary canal. This is where the feces transfers out.)

Now good luck on your trip to the sewer. :)

The feces is the end result of this system.

Fun Facts

Diseases in Digestive System

Diseases

Five common diseases of the digestive system include:

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) ...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) ...

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) ...

Celiac disease. ...

Diverticulitis.

Treatments for diseases

Treatments for these diseases

To treat these diseases/disorders procedures done using endoscopy, laparoscopy, and open surgery. Organ transplants can be performed on the liver, pancreas, and small intestine. Many health care providers can help diagnose and treat digestive problems.

Ways to keep the human body system healthy

Ways to keep healthy

For better digestive health, follow these simple tips:

1. Eat a high-fiber diet. ...

2. Be sure you're getting both soluble and insoluble fiber. ...

3. Minimize your intake of foods high in fat. ...

4. Select lean meats. ...

5. Add probiotics to your diet. ...

6. Follow a regular eating schedule. ...

7. Drink plenty of water.

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