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The Century of the Child

Sigmund Freud

Jean Piaget

Maria took the cause of the children:

Research the development of the brain.

Early in the 20th century, the only way to study the development of the brain was to study the abnormal brain.

She went into a local insane asylum to study this type of brain and found that poverty-level children were housed right alongside the inmates.

Her subjects were removed for study. She watched these children thrive and observed their physical development and learning potential.

She then started researching instructional techniques. Itard and Gaspard were physicans that worked with "mentally defective" children. (Wild boy) Both men believed that the children could be educated through stimulation of the senses.

Dr. Itard described the moveable alpahbet and Dr. Seguin, the matching pairs (tasting bottles, sound boxes, color tablets) served as Dr. Montessori's beginning point.

The First Children's House

Apprximately 1906 - Dr. Montessori was offered the opportunity to create a series of schools Rome.

Housing was being refurbished and once completed there was a group of children, ages two - seven that "ran the streets" while their parents worked.

Dr. Montessori was asked to take charge of these wayward children -- which led to the opening of the first Casa dei Bambini.

A series of sixteen schools became the foundation for a great social and educational experiment which deepened her understanding of the nature of learning in children.

After surviving two major world wars, Dr. Montessori became convinced that the only way to change society is through the education of the young child.

Children with a strong positive sense of self, and a respectful positive attitude toward others can become the basis for a new society. She envisioned this new society based on cohesion, respect, and dignity.

It would be a society grounded in peace, not war.

She was recognized with nominations for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1949 and 1950.

U.S Travels

In 1911, Alexander Graham Bell read about Dr. Montessori's teaching methods and invited her to come lecture in the states. She arrived in 1913 and lectured throughout the country.

Dr Montessori returned in 1915 to help set up a Montessori classroom at the World's Expo in San Franscisco.

Won the gold medals for Education at the World's Fair

Karl Jung

Montessori Expands Worldwide

Despite prejudices, discouraging articles and two world wars, Montessori's work continued to grow in influence and application throughout the world.

She spent the rest of her life exploring educating "man" to his fullest potential, writing about her discoveries and training teachers worldwide.

She gave credit for her work to the children.

It was her insight that gave structure to the pedagogy of early childhood education.

She expanded her exploration to the six-to-twelve-year-old, young adolescents, and the young adult, seeing the need for a specific environment, activities and techniques.

Maria created her own program:

Approx 1890, she gained prominence through various medical and educatioal congresses.

She was appointed to the Orthophrenic School, a new medical-pedagogical institute in Rome. This is where she began lecturing teachers regarding children's ability and techniques.

She worked alongside teachers and spent this time developing her program.

In 1904, she gave up her direct work in the Orthophrenic School and became a student again at the University of Rome

Erik Erikson

Anna Freud

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