Germany 1918-1945

Germany 1918-1945

1918-1920

1921

1923

1924-1929

1930's

1933

1934

1944

1945

On 2 August the entire army swore an oath of personal loyalty to Adolf Hitler as Fuhrer of Germany. The SS, after virtually destroying the SS, it grew into a huge organisation with many different responsibilities.

In this ear the bombing of Dresden took place, between 35,000 and 150,000 people were killed in two days. By this year the German people were in desperate state. Food supplies were dwindling. Germany war was over three months later. Nazis promised to rebuild the city. In this year also persecution of minorities was a problem, plenty of people were killed.

• Its was clear that the situation lived in Germany wasn't the best, so in 1923 a new government under Stresemann took over. During his time as the leader there were both achievements and problems in Economy, in Culture, in Politics and in Foreign policies.
• By this year, the figure of an extremely important character was starting to emerge, Adolf Hitler. The Nazis were still a minority party, but Hitler had given them a high profile.
• Hitler thought that it was time for him to intervine in the government, so in 1923 the Munich Putsch took place. Nazi troops, or the SA, began taking over official buildings, but the Weimar government responded. In an exchange of shots, 16 Nazis were killed. Hitler escaped in a car. It was a total disaster for him.

• It was clear that the Nazi's, and Hitler in particular were now very popular. In the 1930 elections they won 107 seats,and in 1932 the won nearly 200. They were now the biggest single party.
• The Nazi's greatest campaigning asset was Hitler. He was a powerful speaker, who could convince people very easy, he was able to appear to be a man of the people, someone who understood them.
• In 1932 he run for President, and won 13 million votes, but lost to Hindenburg's 19 million. Despite this defeat, he continued his campaign. He showed to be a man who could move hugh masses of people.

• The war was over, the Allies had won. Germany was in total chaos, they had lost.
• Germany had to became democratic in order to be in peace with the Allies.
• A new republic was born (Weimar Republic), under the government of Ebert, who faced opposition from both left and right.
• The Treaty of Versailles was signed and Germany was terribly affected. The lost: 10% of its land, 12.5% of its population, 16 % of its coal and 48% of its iron.

Their army was also reduced to 100,000, as well as

navy and air-force. Also they had to accept blame for starting the war

DONE BY:

AUGUSTO ARIAS DUVAL

MARTIN CABRERA VERON

In July of 1944, some army officers came close to removing Hitler. On the 20 od July Count von Stauffenberg left a bomb in Hitler´s conferences room. The plan was to kill Hitler, close down the radio stations, round up other leading Nazis and take over Germany. It failed on all counts, for the revolt was poorly planned and organised. Hitler survived and the Nazis took a terrible revenge, killing 5000 in reprisal.

• By 1932 the Nazi's were the largest single party, but still not a majority party. Hindenburg didn't wanted to appoint Hitler as Chancellor, cause he was suspicious, so he putted Von Papen, although he didn't lasted long, so he appointed Von Schleicher, who also resigned. Hindenburg needed a Chancellor who was supported by the Reichstag, and everything indicated that the one was Hitler.
• In 1933 Hindenburg and Von Papen met secretly, and for the surprise of everybody, they offered Hitler the post of Chancellor. They needed the support of the Reichstag, and they needed Hitler for this. They thought that they could control him, but both were very wrong.

• The Treaty of Versailles destabilized Germany politically. It forced Germany to pay reparations to the Allies. This bill was announced in 1921, it was set at £6600 million to be paid annually.
• As nothing was paid by the following year, the French entered the Ruhr and began to take what was owned to them in form of raw materials.
• The fact of not having good to trade cause hyperinflation by 1921, so the government just started printing money without any kind of value.

• Because of the failed attempt of rebellion in 1923, Hitler ended up in prison, although he was released earlier than when he was supposed to. During this period he wrote Mein Kampf and he realized that he couldn't win power by force, he would have to do it by the democratic way.
• By 1925, they were still a minority party, and were still trying to appeal to German workers, This very same year, the SS was formed and Hitler appointed Goebbels as the minister of propaganda of the Nazi Party. Despite these, in the 1928 elections they won less than 3 per cent of the votes.
• In 1929, the Crash in Wall Street took place, and this had a terrible effect in Germany. The result was economic collapse in Germany. It was at this moment when Hitler tried to take advantage of the situation lived in the country, and started convincing the people that he could solve all their problems.