WHAP Exam Review 1450-1750

CCOT

1450 1750

Changes:

• The Americas are added to world trade network
• Europe becomes a Maritime area

Continuities:

• Trade is really important
• Religions continue to adapt to new times, but still very important
• Diffusion of ideas and diseases as people come into contact with each other

1450-1750

Details - Going Global

1450-1750

• Trade is extended through all parts of the world.
• Europe finally gains access to Asian trade routes and attempts to control them through choke points- fail
• Europe uses American raw materials - especially silver - to trade with Asia
• Columbian Exchange

Trade: Can't live without it!

• Global trade is THE thing this time period!
• Core-periphery theory:
• Core states are manufacturing states.
• Periphery states provide raw materials.
• Semi-periphey supply both.

Three core zones:

• China
• India
• West

1450-1750

1450-1750

Details - Technology

1450-1750

• Spread of shipping technology to Europe as a result of the crusades and experiments by Henry the Navigator
• Improvements in gunpowder technology- muskets and cannons.

Details - Structure and Function of State

Early Modern Period

• Empire remains the predominant political structure. It is a coercive tribute system
• European states such as Spain and Portugal, but also France, England and the Dutch perfect overseas empires by claiming territory in the western hemisphere
• Qing, Russia, Mughals, Ottomans and Safavids are powerful land-based empires

Six things to Remember

1750

1450

1433

1492

• Americas are included in world trade for the first time
• Improvements in technology continues
• Populations in transition
• New social structures emerge based on race and gender
• Traditional beliefs are threatened in Europe but reinforced in China
• Empires are both land-based and cross oceanic

Beginning of industrialization

1450-1750

End of Islam in Europe

Western Hemisphere colonization peaks

Beginning of global trade

End of Chinese treasure ship expeditions

Beginning of European Atlantic empires

Details - Demography

1450-1750

Details - Cultural and Intellectual Expressions

• Disease killed millions of native Americans
• Africans were forcibly transported to the new world for work in plantation agriculture
• Populations grew as new calorie-rich foods were brought from the new world
• Populations migrated to harsher climates as food crops became available
• Populations migrated from the Old World to the New World

1450-1750

• Europe - Renaissance and Reformation reduces the power of the Catholic church and challenges old beliefs
• China ends contact with the outside world as neo-Confucianism dominates.

Details - Social and Gender structures

• Americas - Castas system
• Muslim areas (Ottomans, Mughals) Women in the harems wielded considerable power behind the scenes
• China - power struggle between the Eunuchs and the Scholar Gentry