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Trans-Alaskan Pipeline

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LJ

Lindani Johnson

Transcript

The Trans-Alaskan Pipeline

History

The government has absolute power

  • 1923 23-million acre Naval Patroleum Reserve created
  • WWII- Land was held for exclusive government use
  • 1950's environmental concern raised
  • 1960 NE corner is preserved
  • 1971 Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act
  • 1977 TAPS is completed
  • The military will do what is best for even if its decisions hurt citizens and the environment

[1]

SCOT

Soft Technological Determinism

ANT

  • Shows that the pipeline is also an authoritative technology
  • Brings in an important actor: Mother Nature
  • Highlights all relevant social groups as users
  • military, conservationists, landowners

[2]

[1]

SCOT explained

ANT explained

  • Alaska Federation of Natives created to settle land claim issues
  • Just like the users of wheelchairs created political groups to gain power

Soft TD explained

[2]

  • Network that includes flora, fauna, landscapes
  • Biological consequences of the pipeline exist
  • Even though conservationists and land owners stepped up to become authority user groups ultimately the pipeline was built.

[2]

[4]

[2]

[1]

Courtesy of NOAA image gallery

Conclusion

Keystone XL pipeline

Soft TD Best Fits

  • Whoever controls the land controls the technology!
  • History is repeating itself
  • The same user groups and actants plus a new group of job seekers
  • Observation: Landowners get settlements again and conservationists are shut down...
  • There was an need for the pipeline that could not be avoided, so the technology would hatch
  • Model 8F
  • Difference is that the only user group that got what they wanted was the government

[5]

Courtesy of Beauro of Land Management, Fairbanks District office

Work Sited

  • [1] U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2001. Potential impacts of proposed oil and gas development on the Arctic Refuge’s coastal plain: Historical overview and issues of concern. Web page of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge,Fairbanks, Alaska. 17 January 2001. http://arctic.fws.gov/issues1.htm
  • [2] (2006, April 4). The Alaska Pipeline. PBS. Retrieved from http://www.pbs.org
  • [3] Board, Editorial. (2014,April).Keystone XL's continued delay. Washington Post. Retrieved from http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions.html
  • [4] Levi, Michael. (2012, January). Five myths about the Keystone XL pipeline. Washington Post. Retrieved from http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinoins.html
  • [5] Goldenberg,Suzanne.(2014, January). Here's everything you need to know about the Keystone pipeline. The Gaurdian. Retrieved from http://www.businessinsider.com