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Section 1: Early Civilization of Africa

Summary

Africa was home to many civilizations way back when.

It is where most of our languages and our people came form today.

Carthage

  • Carthage emerged along the Mediterranean in North Africa.
  • They built a civilization from 800 B.C.E. to 146 B.C.E.
  • Rome destroyed Carthage at the end of the Punic War.

  • Rome then used North Africa for its farmlands to provide gain for their armies.

Migration From The Sahara

  • Between 1000 B.C.E and 1000 A.D. people from West Africa moved south and east.
  • They spoke forms of a root language called Bantu.
  • The Bantu people merged with other cultures and brought skills to those of the culture.

Africa's Geographical Features

VOCABULARY!

  • Africa includes tropical rain forests, grassy planes called savannas, and deserts such as the vast Sahara.

  • Many obsticles limited travel and trade. Such as:
  • Desert
  • Rain Forests
  • Rivers with cataracts
  • Interior Plateaus
  • Waterfalls
  • Sahara-A large desert in Africa.
  • Cataracts-A descent of water over a steep surface; a waterfall, especially one of considerable size.
  • Desertification-The process of an area turning into a desert.
  • Bantu-The root language of many South African languages.
  • Nubia-Kingdom of, an ancient state in Nubia, 2000 b.c.–a.d. 1400.
  • Meroe-The capital of ancient Nubia.

The Sahara Desert

  • Before 1500 B.C.E., there were forests and rivers.

  • This resulted in people having to leave and fing new farmlands.

  • A climatic change slowly dried the area, making it a desert.
  • This process is called desertification

Meroe

Settlement in Nubia

  • Being forced out by Assyrian invaders, the Nubians established their capital in Meroe about 500 B.C.E.
  • Nubia was developed in 2700 B.C.E. on the upper part of the Nile River.

  • They were controlled by Egypt for about 500 years.
  • Egypst control began in about 1500 B.C.E.

  • The Egytians culture and religion influence Nubian culture and religion.

Meroe Trade

  • Meroe developed into a successful trade center.

  • Nearby areas were rich in iron ore and timber which they could use the timber to fuel their smelting furnaces.
  • And used the iron for tools, and weapons for improving their defense.
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