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Minoan Religion

Polytheistic

Uncommon before the late Helladic period

Worship

Sacrifices

1.Worshipers draped flower garlands over the animal

2.priests(esses) poured water over alter to purify it

3.Priests(esses) sprinkled barley grains on the animal to purify it

4.Used club to to stun the animal and then a knife to slit its throat

5.Drain blood into bowl

6.Sprinkle over alter or worshipers

7.Use axes to slaughter animal

8.Bones and organs where wrapped in fat then burned as offerings to the gods

9.Meat was cooked and eaten by worshipers

Dances

Offerings

Offered clay statures of worshipers or food

Real food

Worshiped just about anywhere

Buildings

Outdoors

Nature was very important

Caves

Mycenaean Religion

Not totally clear how it can about

Some continuity of Minoan Religion

Sacrifices

Offerings

Dances

Processions

Priest(ess)

Polytheisitc

Believed to have had the major gods in some earlier form

Zeus

Paean

Dionysus

Poseidon

Enyalies

Eileithyia

Hera

Hermaias (Hermes)

Lots of goddesses with the title "Potnia"

"Lady"

One goddess' name translates to "Lady of Athena"

Some similarities with Classical Religion

Offerings

Similar commodities and animals sacrified

Wine

Cattle

Sheep

Pig

Dark Ages

Hard to find rites that are from Mycenaean, the Dark Ages, and Classical

Worship

Created the open-air alter

Created the temple with statues to the gods

Classical Religion

Polytheistic

Just about everything had its own god

Anthropomorphic (gods looked like humans)

Immortal

Superior power

Motives were the same

Behavior was the same

Worship

A lot like the other religions

Hymns

Prayers

Sacrifices

Vows

Votive offerings

Hellenistic Religion

Religion lost popularity among the educated

After Alexander the Great ruler worship became more common

Demanded and received divine honors from Greeks

Descendants were granted divine honors voluntarily

Kings worshiped as gods in the cities they founded

Religion in Everyday Life

Touched every aspect of life

No one ate, acted or fought without first making a sacrifice or offering to the gods

No one word for religion

Then v. Now

Did not expect gods to provide salvation after death

Do expect gods to provide salvation after death

The Odyssey and Religion

In order to succeed in anything you had to have the gods' will

Killing the cattle of the Sun God does not give you the god's favor

It does bring about your death though...

Religion in Ancient Greece

Thought to originate on Crete

Found statues of women who are believed to be dieties

and men and women worshiping

Named after King Minos

No set religion, people worshiped different gods

Diversity in religious practices

Processions (parades)

Priests(esses)

Ordinary people

Usually rulers or the rich

Ruler Worship

More political then religious

Mostly regarded as a way to show loyalty to the state

Now

Then

Do not expect rewards and favors

Did expect to get rewards and favors during life

No uniform religion

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