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Miriely Guerrero | University of Michigan | Bentley Historical Library

Preserving Removable Media

Optical Media

Formats

Digital records require periodic file format refreshment or migration into sustainable formats, which should not be done on removable media. Unfortunately migration is not a simple copy paste endeavor as institutions must ensure content integrity and authenticity is respected during the migration.

  • Pre-recorded, writable, rewritable
  • CD, CD-R, CD-RW
  • DVD, DVD-R, DVD+R, DVD-RW, DVD+RW, DVD-RAM
  • Layers: polycarbonate with substrate, reflective and lacquer

Storage and Handling

  • Avoid exposure to fingerprints, sunlight, moisture, and temperature changes
  • Store vertically in jewel cases at all times
  • Disc sensitive to pressure
  • Do not remove or affix labels on disc

Magnetic Media

Read Errors . . .

Formats and Densities

  • Error correcting can only do so much
  • Scratches and smudges
  • Disc recording
  • Density: single, double, high, quad, and extended
  • Disks can be either single or double sided
  • Capacity ranges from kilobytes to megabytes
  • Sizes range from 8”, 2”, 2½”, 2.8”, 3”, 3¼”, 4”, but 3½” and 5¼” are most popular

Storage and Handling

  • Store vertically in dust free sleeves
  • Avoid exposure to heat, humidity, dirt, magnets, vibrations
  • Avoid temperature fluxuations
  • Do not write on surface

Successful migration diminishes as the age of the medium, or hardware necessary to read it, increases. Much can be done in terms of establishing an ideal environment and housing for the media itself, but the corresponding hardware is much harder to preserve, with no “ideal” environment or protocols for its perpetuity.

Read Errors . . .

  • Media degradation
  • Head misalignment
  • Demagnetization
  • Copy protection

Research possible

thanks to a grant from the Institute of Museums and Library Services.

Special thanks to Nancy Deromedi and Michael Shallcross.

http://bentley.umich.edu/dchome/resources/media.php

All images courtesy of http://www.clker.com

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