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Transcript

DAWN OF THE INDUSTRIAL

AGE

Focus Question: What events

helped bring about the

Industrial Revolution?

The Industrial Revolution will

start in Great Britain around mid

1700s.

Not a fasting moving revolution but

rather a long,slow, uneven process where

production changes from hand tools to

big machines.

1750: British Life

~ worked land w/ simple tools

~ lived in simple cottages

~ fires and candles

~ made own clothing

1850: villages had grown into

industrial towns & cities.

People started buying products that

other people had made.

Other Firsts during 1800s:

~Travelers used trains and

steamships.

~Messages sent by telegraph

~American dentist used an

anesthetic

~Antiseptic used to reduce

women dying in childbirth

Change in the

farming fields of Western Europe made possible part of the Industrial Revolution.

After the 1st farming revolution, a 2nd occurred

that improved quality and quantity of food

produced.

Farmers mixed different soils to make them more fertile.

New methods of crop rotation were used.

Farmers urged to plant turnips to replenish the soil.

Jethro Tull invented the seed drill

Rich landowners started a process called "Enclosure" to have more land

for sheep increasing wool production.

As farm enclosure increased, farm output increased

Larger fields needed fewer workers, profit increased

Farm laborers out of work & small farmers lost farms

Jobless farmers migrated to cities looking for work

This created a large potential labor group

Population grew by millions

~Surplus of food created

~People ate better & were healthy

~Better hygiene & sanitation

~Improved medical care

A second factor starting the I.R.

was new technology.

New technology was helped by new

sources of energy, new materials, & owners changing the way work was done.

1712: Thomas Newcomen

~steam engine powered by coal

to pump water out of mines.

James Watt improved Newcomen's engine

& would later be able to power trains and

steamships

Coal is also used to produce high grade iron by

process called smelting.

High grade iron developed by Darby and is very

strong and durable.

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