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Blood Banks: WWI
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Blood Banks During World War 1
By: Mia Gaddy
Extra Facts
Significance
1. In 1616 William Harvey discovered that blood
2. The first blood tranfusion, done by mouth, was in 1492.
3. Peyton Rous, the original creator, was born in 1879 and died in 1970.
3. The first blood transfusion was done by Richard Lower.
4. The first United States blood bank was built in Chicago, IL in 1936.
5. Charles Andrew is the founder of the American Red Cross blood bank.
The significance of the blood bank was that it helped out wounded soldiers. When soldiers got wounded during WWI and WWII the blood banks were full of blood that could help them live. Without it, the soldiers would have no second chance.
Resources
History of the Blood Bank during WWI
http://history.amedd.army.mil/booksdocs/wwii/blood/chapter1.htm
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/bt/
http://givingblood.org/about-blood/history-of-blood-banking.aspx
http://www.americasblood.org/go.cfm?do=page.view&pid=30
http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/bldrew.htm
http://www.centralbloodbank.org/about-history.asp
http://www.donate-cord-blood.com/cord-blood-banks/
http://ourjourneytonowhere.com/wp-admin/user/world-war-1-soldiers-wounded-805.jp
During World War I, Peyton Rous, the creator of the blood bank, found out a way to preserve blood. The Locke's solution. The Locke's solution was a salt solution that helped preserve blood. The solution prevented blood from clotting and dextrose. Dextrose is an energy source for blood. Peyton Rous and J.R. Turner helped to create this solution. Blood preserving began during World War I and continued into World War II. Before it was called a blood bank, it was called an ice chest. That's what they would store all the blood into.
Early History (Before World War I)
Purpose
The purpose of the blood bank was store blood and use it for wounded soldiers during WWI. After WWI blood banks started being used at hospital for citizens and not just wounded soldiers. The first blood bank was built in Chicago, IL in 1936.
In 2500 BCE in ancient Egypt, bloodletting was the proper way to be able to heal someone. It was most recommended by all physicians back then. They believed that it purified all infection by just letting it out. Bloodletting led to the fiction character, Dracula the vampire who did suck up blood. Transfusions, which is what is done when soldiers got wounded began first by mouth in 1492.