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In the city there are many sources of pollution, of which sewage is discharged directly into the Odra River and its tributaries.
The majority of industrial discharges its wastewater to the sewer system where it goes to the Central Wastewater Treatment Plant -
Chironomidae are important as indicator organisms, i.e., the presence, absence, or quantities of various species in a body of water can indicate whether pollutants are present. Also, their fossils are widely used by palaeolimnologists as indicators of past environmental changes, including past climatic variability
Gammarus tigrinus - invasive species, in big amount in Odra riever
Corophium curvispinum - invasive species
Heptagenia sulphurea - bioindicator of clean water, found in Odra
Hydropsyche contubernalis - bioindicator of I class water, found in Odra River
Cheumatopsyche lepida - bioindicator of pure water, found in Odra river
Very sensitive to pollution are:
Mayflies - Most of them are sensitive to the tiniest contamination.
Caddis - can occur in various water quality, but a large number of caddisflies most often live in good or average water quality.
Mussels - Most species are sensitive to pollution (especially metals) and oxygen deficiency in the water.
Shrimps - To some extent, can tolerate water pollution. They hide under rocks and aquatic vegetation.
The impact of many activities to keep the purity of the river is visible.
In the group of organic indicators most of the rivers has already reached the II level class quality.
The problem is in big contamination with biogenic compounds and faecal coliform bacteria.
Further improving the operation of existing wastewater treatment, especially the expansion of sewerage networks, as in Wroclaw and in localities situated in the catchment tributaries, improve the quality of surface water in the city.
The macrobenthos from the ecological point of view plays
a significant role in the ecosystem of the river.
They are consumers of organic matter
falling to the bottom of the river, as filtering organisms or as prey
the higher grades, eg. fish.
Furthermore macrozoobenthos
performs the function
as excellent bioindicator.
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Wrocław 30.05 - 04.06. 2015
Assessment of water pollution flowing into the Oder in Wroclaw is based on measurements of flow and water quality tests performed by specialists of the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management in Wroclaw.