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Changes in Society

Japan Modernizes

  • During this time, there was no legal separation between the different classes.
  • They acquired school were westerns taught how to use modern technology.
  • Women also gained education, but there were many arguments about them getting an education.
  • By 1898, women weren't allowed to participate in politics and they were partnered with minors.

Discontent in Tokugawa Japan

Review Questions

Industrialization

  • The Tokugawa's were a shogun family that brought changes to Japan, like they centralized feudalism, and basically isolated Japan by not letting foreigners enter Japan and didn't let Japanese people travel overseas.
  • Their internal commerce was expanding even though they were isolated. But the diamyos still had a tough time because their wealth came from land other than money.
  • Shoguns: supreme military leaders.
  • Daimyos: landholding warrior lords.

Q: What started Japan's modernization?

A: On July 1853, Commodore Matthew Perry reached Tokyo Bay with a letter of the President of the US, Millard Fillmore, demanding Japan to open up their ports.

  • During this time, the Meiji leaders wanted their economy to be a major priority.
  • They used western methods like the modern banking system, railroads, ports, telegraph and postal systems, and factories.
  • By the 1890s, they had modern machines, manufactured silk, had shipyards, made steel, and they were able to mine for copper and coal.

Q: What was the Meiji Restoration?

A: It was a period of time when the Meiji emperor was restored as head of Japan in 1868 and the country thrived while modernizing.

An Amazing Success

Japan Opens Up

  • On July 1853, American ships led by Commodore Matthew Perry reached Tokyo Bay.
  • Perry was a messenger from the American president, Millard Fillmore, and carried a letter demanding that Japan open their ports for trade.
  • Japan, knowing they could not beat the U.S. navy, opened two ports but not for trade.
  • The U.S., along with European countries, eventually won trading and other rights in Japan.
  • Japan modernized quickly during the Meiji period.
  • It had a homogenous society-its people shared the same culture and language.
  • Japan was set on preventing foreign rule.

Japan Breaks Through

  • By the 1890's, Japan had the power to revise the unfair treaties Western Powers had forced on them and were building an overseas empire.

Works Cited

"British Museum - Japan: Prints and Paintings of the Meiji Era (1868-1912)." British Museum - Japan: Prints and Paintings of the Meiji Era (1868-1912). Web. 25 Feb. 2014.

Christensen, Maria. "The Meiji Era and the Modernization of Japan." The Meiji Era and the Modernization of Japan. Web. 25 Feb. 2014.

History. A&E Television Networks. Web. 22 Feb. 2014.

Imperialism-by-Brady. Tangient. Web. 22 Feb. 2014.

Jacqueline Japan 1. Web. 24 Feb. 2014.

The Japan Tax Site. Web. 22 Feb. 2014.

"The Meiji Restoration and Modernization | Asia for Educators | Columbia University." The Meiji Restoration and Modernization | Asia for Educators | Columbia University. Web. 24 Feb. 2014.

Millard Fillmore's Bathtub. 8 July 2010. Web. 22 Feb. 2014.

Narrative of the Expedition of an American Squadron to the China Seas and Japan. 1856. Nimitz Museum, Annapolis.

Origamicupcake.com. Web. 25 Feb. 2014.

Photograph. Museum Meijimura. Meijimura.com. Web. 25 Feb. 2014.

Rodríguez, Amaury G. "Modernization in Japan and the Ukiyo-e." Asianart.com. Web. 24 Feb. 2014.

Third Reich History: July 15. Web. 22 Feb. 2014.

Toshinobu, Yamazaki. 1877. Japan Reference. Web. 22 Feb. 2014.

Toyohara, Chikanobu. 1881. Artenilo.com. Web. 25 Feb. 2014.

University of Glasgow: Special Collections. Web. 24 Feb. 2014.

Intro

Meiji Transformation

& A Modern Government

  • Japan adopted some ideas from the German system, like giving their emperor autocratic power.
  • Japan established a Western-style bureaucracy with different departments taking care of finance, the army and navy, and education.
  • To get the industries started, the government typically built factories to sell to wealthy merchants.

When the U.S. naval force went to Japan and asked them to open their parts to trade, Japan abandoned their 215-year-old policy of isolation and started to modernize.

Architecture

Ideology

Art

  • The Japanese normally used traditional wood houses and when they started using brick buildings, it changed the outline of Japan.
  • The change in architecture represented modernization.
  • Culture and arts flourished during the Meiji Restoration
  • Japanese artists borrowed ideas from the Western culture.
  • The Meiji leaders created an ideology based on the emperor in order to unite Japan when the Western powers started to influence Japan.
  • The Shinto believed that the emperor was from the Sun goddess and the gods who made Japan.

Japan's Growing Military Strength

  • Because Japan was a small island nation, it wanted to seem as powerful as the West, so it built an empire and modernized its army.

This wasn't mentioned in the book because it didn't have anything to do with the political side of the restoration, but we believe its interesting to see how the restoration influenced art of people, not just their government.

Japan Is Now A Threat!!!

  • Since Japan modernized, it was easy for them to defeat their opponents in wars such as the First Sino-Japanese War and the Russo-Japanese War.

This was not in the book because the emperor was not really a leader. He did not have political power, so he was not considered as important as the shoguns and daimyos.

This was not mentioned in the book because although it contributed to the Meiji Restoration, it did not have to do with the major points the Restoration had changed.

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