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Babylonian Mythology
Creation Story
Apsu originated from sweet water, Tiamat originated from saltwater
These two gave birth to two serpents Lakhmu which turned into Anshar: the heavens and Kishar: the earth world
Tiamat and Marduk fought after the Gods heard about Tiamat’s plan to want to get rid of the noisy Gods
Marduk promised to conquer Tiamat if he got supremacy over the gods
The heroic epic of Gilgamesh
Sumerian city of Uruk, was run by the tyrannical king Gilgamesh
He was 2/3 a God and 1/3 mortal, abducted women, angered the city
Enkidu his strong friend went with him to battle Khumbaba at Cedar Mountain
Knocked Khumbaba to the ground and Enkidu cut his head off
Marduk cut up Tiamat in halves, one half was the dome of the heavens, the other half was the earth
Major Gods
• Anu: the head of the gods, had an army of stars to destroy sinners, lived in the highest part of heaven
• Ea: the all-knowing
• Enlil: dealt out good and evil to people, source of all power
• Marduk: principal deity of Babylon, fertility God, established lordship over all of the other gods
• Ishtar: one of the more popular deities, goddess of sexuality, force among men and beasts, had multiple lovers
He went on to set the length of the year, position of the stars, ordered the movement of the stars and the dwelling of Gods
Babylonian Mythology Background
Made people from the blood of the general of his army Kingu
- Most were recorded in 700 B.C
- written in cunieform on clay tablets
- two major pieces of writing were the Epic of Creation and the Gilgamesh Epic both made in 2000 B.C
While dead, they were able to cut down the sacred cedars for their city Uruk
They also slayed the Celestial Bull
Gilgamesh conferred everlasting life on himself and everyone else in Uruk
This story shows heroism through the development of Gilgamesh as a man, and the triumphs he gained
"Mythology." The Creation, the Flood, and Gilgamesh. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 May 2016
Cultural Traditions/Belief
- Masculinity
- All prominent Gods are males
- The story of Gilgamesh is evidence of this masculinity as well as the creation myth due to Marduk being the central figure