Tsunamis

Tsunamis

THE END

By:

Irina Salguero (ISR 4ºD 22) & Ane Bayón (ABC 4ºD 2)

Our idea to improve this method

Tsunamis may be detected with underwater fiber-optic cables.

The charged particles in the ocean water interact with Earth’s magnetic field to induce voltage of up to 500 millivolts in the cables that ferry internet traffic around. With relatively simple technology, those voltage spikes could serve as a tsunami-warning system.

The salt in ocean water makes it a good electrical conductor. Positively charged sodium and negatively charged chlorine ions in the solution are free to move. in a large moment of ocean water, these ions a carried across The Earth's magnetic field creating an electrical field.

Advantages of our idea

It is a cheaper method for detection of Tsunamis.

so nations that can’t afford the other expensive method, securely may pay this new one.

Disadvantages of this method

The only disadvantage that has this method is that the magnetic field produced by the movement of salt water on the seabed causes small variations -a mode interference- in the voltage of the cables used for Internet traffic.

Where are they found?

Tsunami of 2004

Thailand

• Thailand is a country located at the center of the Indochina peninsula in Southeast.
• Its capital is Bangkok.
• It has millions inhabitants.
• Its official language is Thai.

• It happened on December 26 of 2004 in Indonesia.
• 225.000 people died.
• The waves measured 30 meters tall.
• The most affected countries were Tailand, Sri Lanka, India and Indonesia.

Most tsunamis are found in the Pacific Ocean, due to the plate being made mostly out of water. Also, the pacific is home to the "Ring of Fire", which is a highly active earthquake and volcano zone.

This amazing force of nature can ONLY occur in coastal legions.

Detection sea buoys (DART Buoys:

Thanks to a satellite orbiting around the Earth collect all the necessary information about the location, the speed, when is going to arrive to the coast...

After collect the information, the buoy sends it to the NOAA federal agency.

How are tsunamis detected?

NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration):

There is analyze all the received information and alert the places next to earthquake or which may be affected by the tsunami.

Sea bed detector:

An undersea earthquake causes disturbance to both the sea floor and body of ocean above it.

Seismic waves travel much faster than tsunami waves away from the earthquake source. So "sea bed detector" detect it and satellite way send this information to the detection buoys (DART Buoys).

Disadvantages of this method

Rich countries like the United States can install this tsunami detection method, which directly detect the motion of large amounts of water.

But for poor countries, it is so expensive and they cant pay for it.

Landslides

Underwater landslides can cause tsunamis as can terrestrial land which slumps in to the ocean

what is it?

Seismicity

Volcanic eruptions

Generation Mechanist

Less common are tsunamis initiated by volcanic eruptions.

Destructive collapse of coastal, island and underwater volcanoes which result in massive landslides.

Tsunami can be crated when the sea floor abruptly deforms and vertically displaces overlying water.

The resulting waves move away from the source of the earthquake event.

The principal causes of a tsunami is the displacement of a substantial volume of water.

This displacement, is usually attributed to:

• Earthquakes
• Landslides
• Volcanic Eruptions
• ...

A tsunami, is a series of water waves caused by the displacement of a a large volume of a body of water.

Causes

• Tsunami's waves, differ from normal waves - involve the movement of water all the way to the sea floor.

• Tsunamis have long wavelengths - may have wavelengths up to hundreds of kilometers between wave crests

• As a tsunami approaches land, the size increases - the wavelength becomes shorter and the body of water becomes much higher.

• Tsunamis are fast -in the deep ocean- can travel at more than 900 kilometers per hour.

• In shallow water - can be described as the speed of a fast cyclist.

• Tsunamis retain their energy.

• Tsunami waves move outwards, away from their source.

• A tsunami is a "series" of waves - waves can be a few minutes or over two hours apart.

• Tsunamis can vary in sizes and severity - a small tsunami may result unusual tides or currents that can be dangerous to swimmers or cause damage to boast. A large tsunami can cause widespread flooding and destruction.