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Women spend a greater amount of time, if compared to men, at home and for the family
Different opinions are recorded:
some people said that men and women have the same wage, both in public and private sector, and that the difference depends on the level of study and preparation
other said that women are paid 30-35% less than men
it was underlined that there is equality in public sector but not in the private one
STRATEGIES AND SOLUTIONS
Wages
Equal opportunity
to access the job
The law states that "there are the same opportunities" but ther is still a contrast between the law and its application
Challenge: women could get pregnant and not ensure continuity at the work place
Generally women are more protected in public sector rather than in the private one
Household incomes are generally
controlled by men. There are cases
where women have a predominant
role within the family and can
control the income.
BARRIERS TO PARTICIPATION
CHANGES IN THE LAST 10 YEARS
MACHISMO
SENDIDO PATRIARCAL
VIOLENCE, "naturalization" of the violence
IGNORANCE, women do not denounce, they are not aware to be equal to men and of their rights
UNEQUAL PERCEPTION: both men and women believe that masculinity counts more than femininity
SYSTEMIC: lack of interests by institution to approach effectively the problem
INEQUALITY: subordination and discrimination
LACK OF EMPOWERMENT: women are dis-empowered.
STEREOTYPES: gender-based stereotypes at the work place
SOCIAL BELIEFS: women are not estimated, considered credible from society,
and it counts mostly their physical aspect than the capacities one
More access to education
Increase of laws on gender inclusion
Wide-spread of the feminist culture
More awareness on the public and private role of women
Increase of women activists
Decision Making
The interviewed expressed different opinions, in some cases completely in contrast, such us:
Both, men and wome are taking decisions
Things are changing, even if women have not yet a very central position
Role Models
Men: productive and economic role
Women: reproductive role, housekeeping, children care and education
VIOLENCE
Physical violence, sex tourism, emotional-psychological violence, economical violence
WITHIN THE COUPLE
“Be in couple” give economical security to women; getting married and having children is considered "la normalidad”
Policies, equal participation and representation
The interviewed gave different opinions concerning this topic. In general it has beeing pointed out:
Men have a more relevant position and are more represented at the political level
In the last years things have changed and the women participation increased
Some countries fixed a "quota" to favour the equal participation
Countries created specific institutions to promote gender equality (different opinions on the real effectiveness of these institutions).
COME ISCRIVERSI AD UN
Peru
Mexico
Training and raising awareness activities starting from communities themselves
Combined and interrelated empowerment actions focused on Education, Health, Economical independency and also on violence reduction, self-esteem increasing, sensitization within the family
Workshop on self-esteem (women have to aknowledged that it's not normal to be beaten by men!)
Specific orientation to study and education
Developing capacities
Empowering women
Enforcing and implementing laws
Raising awareness about stereotypes, discrimination, participation to politics and public field
Interventions at schools on gender education
Abortion decriminalization in case of rape
Ecuador
Raising awareness on women rights, and on equality between women and men
Activating capacity building processes
Empowering women
Increasing participation
Raising awareness on discrimination
Gender-based education at school
Ensuring a real access to opportunities and recognizing women capacities
Changing the society patriarchal structure
Recovering the active role of the civil society
partner coordinators
Some interviewed said that men fear women could acquire higher position than them
Nowadays, women have more access to primary and secondary education
Men have higher access to education and there are more man at secondary school and university
Still, women are more illiterate than men
Gender-based stereotypes in the family management tasks are still wide-spread
Equal access to resources and services
In theory yes, they have the same rights, but in reality is not every time like that
Women have less access to job and study
For men it's easier to receive loans and credits
Generally, women are more focused to transmit to their children, as a part of the education, moral values
Property Ownership
Often women don’t have access to properties (lack of information)
Generally, men are the ones owning properties
Few women have properties or properties are headed to them
In some cases, men sell properties and use money for their interests