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Transcript

Creating

the Constitution

Compromises

Representation in Congress

How to count slaves?

South: count as people =more representation

North: count as property=more taxes

The slave trade & runaway slaves

The Electoral College

# Reps in the House + Senators= # of electors for your state

Approving

the Constitution

Anti-Federalists:

  • opposed Constitution
  • Wanted list of individual and state powers
  • Congress would ruin country with taxes
  • President has too much power

Ratification!

Created 3 branches of government

Listed powers & duties of branches

9 states needed to ratify for it to go into effect

  • Delaware was the first to ratify
  • New Hampshire was the ninth (enabling the Constitution to go into effect!)

Senate:

# of reps will be equal from all states

(2 from each)

Commerce Compromise:

  • Congress could not interfere with slave trade for 20 years
  • Congress cannot tax exports
  • Congress CAN put a tax on each slave coming into the country
  • Runaway slaves must be returned

Great Compromise: BICAMERAL legislature (2 houses)

  • Senate represents the STATES
  • House of Representatives represents the PEOPLE

3/5 Compromise:

count only 3 out of every 5 slaves as

a person

House of Representatives:

# of reps based on population of state

North: wants Congress to be able to pass laws about business and trade to help Northern industry

South: does NOT want Congress to be able to pass laws about business and trade for fear they might outlaw the slave trade.

  • Congress chooses? No
  • People choose? No
  • A special group of electors from each state: YES

How should we choose the president?

Step 1: The people vote for a candidate= "popular vote"

Step 2: The candidate with the most number of votes in a state is given all electoral votes from the state.

Step 3: There are 538 votes up for grabs in the Electoral college

Step 4 : A candidate must win 270 to be elected.

*Maine & Nebraska can split their vote

Ideas for limiting a ruler's power came from:

  • England's Magna Carta (1215)
  • Philosopher John Locke: (if a ruler violates people's rights, the people should rebel!)
  • Philosopher Baron de Montesquieu: separate the powers into branches

March 4, 1789 the new government begins!

Newspapers in every state printed the Constitution

"I have the happiness to know that it is a rising, and not a setting sun."

Famous Federalists:

  • Alexander Hamilton
  • James Madison
  • John Jay
  • Wrote Federalist Papers to generate support
  • September 17, 1787
  • The Constitution was ready for signing
  • Not all delegates signed it

Federalists:

  • supporters of Constitution
  • wanted strong national gov't
  • national gov't would share power with states
  • would unite states into a republic

Famous Anti-Federalists:

  • John Hancock
  • Sam Adams
  • Patrick Henry
  • said the Constitution did not protect basic liberties

Framers decided the constitution should be ratified (approved) by 9 of the 13 states before it could go into effect.

President

Would only elect someone from their own state

"the president must not be made a flunky of Congress!" - Delegate Governeur Morris

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