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250,000 asteroids
(mostly known)
alerts on new asteroids
candidates from
unsuccessful star matches
Gaia sampling and alerts delay
is not designed for catching GRBs.
Still, we expect to see:
1-2 on axis afterglows
5-15 orphan afterglows
1000+ events expected to be detected photometrically.
Mainly in Galactic Bulge and Plane.
Mostly long time-scale events (tE>30d)
Such objects can be added to the Watch List. Every time Gaia observes them their data become publically available for inspection.
With precision of a few micro-arcseconds astrometric microlensing due to centroid motion will be easy to measure. But photometry is also needed - only Bulge is surveyed densely from the ground.
Larger deviations, of 0.1 mas will be possible to detect while on-going and alerts will be triggered to obtain complementary photometry.
6000 SNe expected down to 19 mag
~2000 before the maximum
but only after about 2yrs as we need time to build accurate astrometric model
With Self-Organizing Maps we should be able to:
- confirm of non-stellar nature of the object
- classify the type of the supernova
- get the "age" of the supernova
- possibly even get the red-shift
Simplest possible recipe:
1. compare
the most recent observation
with the historic data
2. inspect for unexpected changes
and using low-resolution BP/RP spectroscopy
template matching and using Self-Organzing Maps (SOMs) to obtain
e.g. spectral type of an object or supernova type.
New/rare objects will be immediately recognized with SOMs.
On a light-curve level
exploiting characteristic features of the anomaly,
using Bayesian Classifiers (e.g. Gaussian Mixture)
Most of the sky is empty.
Gaia will only transmit small windows around stars detected by Star Mapper.
Gaia will be equipped with two 1.45x0.5m telescopes, pointing at 106.5 deg angle.
The light from both telescopes will then be gathered on a single
focal plane.
They will reach about V=20 mag.
0.1 mas at 15.5 mag in a single transit
selected areas
3 months
(not public,
for alerts verification)
milli-mag in a single transit at 14 mag
Total number of data points collected over 5 years.
Areas at the nodes will be the first to get enough accumulated observations to start alerts early.
plot credit Jordi/Varadi
after accumulating enough historic observations
most of the sky
6-9 months
Example fraction of the sky observed
during the alerts verification.
Start: after first 3 months of data accumulation
Duration: around 3 months (90 days)
Access to alerts restricted to Gaia-FUN partners only.
Verification of detection and classification procedures.
two observations separated by ~2h
next pair after ~30 days
on the nodes: 2h, 4h, 2h, 4h
techniques tailored on your
favourite type of objects
prepare your telescope for Gaia Alerts:
(SNe, CVs, blazars, etc.)
Therefore alerts will be issued between couple and 24 hours
after the observation.
Gaia will be visible from Earth only for 8h a day.
All data from last 24h will be downlinked then.
launch: mid 2013
first data: early 2014
first internal alerts: 3 months later
first public alerts: mid 2014
end of the mission: 2018-2019
from: ESA/Kourou
in: Soyuz-Fregat rocket
to: L2 Lagrange point
(1.5 million km from Earth)