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- The best reproductions of art lack the presence in time (history of its existence) and space (viewing art in its authetic form) of the artwork.
- Manual Reproduction: there are always discrepancies from the original due to error.
-Technical reproduction- the copy looks identical to the original. It allows for many copies to be created.
Ex. Copies of art in a museum
Van Gogh "Starry Night"
In photography, exhibition value begins to displace cult value all along the line. Exhibition value photography captures a historical movement, and it coveys a stronger realistic aspect. It is how the image is exhibited and consumed.
Photo taken of 9/11
Someone's art can't be duplicated perfectly, so even if a painter or a photographer tries to copy a famous work, they are still applying their own personal aura to their work of art. It will not be the same, and it will have its own uniqueness to the work of art.
Original vs. copy
In cult value, our ability to mechanically reproduce works of art has shifted the emphasis from the cult value of the work of art to exhibition of art. The cult of rememberance of loved ones, absent or dead, a last refuge for the cult value of the picture.
Walter Benjamin supported Freud and psychoanalysis.
Why?: He believed that using film by pausing or slowing down to view details could be very influential in psychoanalysis.
- "The camera introduces us to unconscious options optics as psychoanalysis to unconscious impulses." ~Walter Benjamin
Photo taken of Albert Einstein
Photo by Eugene Atget above shows the optical unconscious
- As cult value diminshes, a historical exhibition value takes over.
-Photographs become historical records, even though the artist took them as works of art.
Example: Photography by Eugene Atget who took photographs of deserted Paris streets. It was a visual between past and present Paris.
- Film-making is incredibly technical, but it comes together to portray reality more closely than theater.
On stage performance vs. On Screen Performance
- Film experience is superficial
- It is edited, shot in real life representation, illusions
-Painter and Magician are like theater actors.
Theater: The audience sees what they CHOOSE to focus on.
- There is interaction between the actor and the audience.
Film: The audience sees what the CAMERA shows.
-There is NO interaction between the actor and the audience because they are just acting in front of some sort of screen.
Stage:
- Aura of the actor and the role he plays connects with the audience.
- Actor identifies himself with the character/role.
Film:
- Aura of role is gone, left with just the actor and his persona as an actor.
- Film is composed of many separate, edited performances that are altered and redone by technology.
photo credit Nasa / Goddard Space Flight Center / Reto Stöckli