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Childhood Growth and Motor Development
1
Childhood growth
and
motor development
by andy seletsky
FACTORS
There are many factors that
affect childhood growth and
development. Some of these
factors are:
- Nutrition
- Physical Activity
- Illness
- Lifestyle
- Heredity
- Environment
dIFFERENTIATION
aND
INTEGRATION
DIFFERENTIATION
GRADUAL PROGRESSION FROM GROSS GLOBAL (OVERALL) MOVEMENT PATTERNS OF INFANTS TO THE MORE REFINED AND FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENTS OF CHILDREN AS THEY MATURE
INTEGRATION
COORDINATED INTERACTIONS OF OPPOSING MUSCLES AND SENSORY SYSTEM
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT
aND
lATER cHILDHOOD dEVELOPMENT
EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT
MOTOR
GROWTH PROCEEDS AT A SLOW BUT STEADY PACE , WITH ANNUAL HEIGHT GAINS OF ABOUT 2 INCHES AND ANNUAL WEIGHT GAINS OF APPROXIMATELY 5 POUNDS
AFFECTIVE
DURING EARLY CHILDHOOD, CHILDREN ARE GENERALLY EGOCENTRIC AND ASSUME THAT EVEYONE THINKS THE WAY THEY DO. AS A RESULT THE HAVE DIFFICULTY SHARING
COGNITIVE
CHILDREN AT THIS STAGE ARE INCREASINGLY ABLE TO EXPRESS THEIR THOUGHTS AND IDEAS VERBALLY
LATER CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT
mOTOR
GROWTH IS SLOW BUT STEADY, ESPECIALLY FROM AGE EIGHT TO THE END OF THIS PERIOD
aFFECTIVE
INTERESTS OF BOYS AND GIRLS ARE SIMILAR AT THE BEGINNING OF THIS PERIOD BUT SOON BEGIN TO DIVERGE. BOTH ENJOY SELF-TESTING ACTIVITIES AS A MEANS OF TRYING OUT AND TESTING THEIR DEVELOPING SKILLS
cOGNITIVE
CHILDREN'S ATTENTION IS OFTEN VERY FOCUSED, ESPECIALLY FOR ACTIVITES THAT ARE OF GREAT PERSONAL INTEREST. THEY ARE INTELLECTUALLY CURIOUS AND ARE EAGER TO KNOW "WHY"
fUNDAMENTAL MOVEMENT SKILLS IN SOCCER
STABILITY
- TURNING
- TACKLING
- DODGING
LOCOMOTOR
- RUNNING
- JUMPING
- LEAPING
MANIPULATIVE
- KICKING
- JUGGLING
- SLIDING
GALLAHUE'S HOUR GLASS MODEL
REFLEXIVE MOVEMENT PHASE
FETUS- 1 YEAR OLD
FUNDAMENTAL MOVEMENT PHASE
2-7 YEARS OLD
RUDIMENTARY MOVEMENT PHASE
BIRTH- 2 YEARS OLD
SPECIALIZED MOVEMENT PHASE
7 AND UP
STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT
INTIAL
- CHILDREN MAKE THEIR FIRST OBSERVABLE AND PURPOSEFUL ATTEMPTS AT PERFORMING THE TASK
- CHARACTERIZED BY RELATIVELY CRUDE, UNCOORDINATED MOVEMENTS
ELEMENTARY
- TYPICAL OF THE PERFORMANCE LEVEL OF THREE TO FIVE YEAR OLD CHILDREN
- DEPENDS PRMARILY ON MATURATION
MATURE
- CHARACTERIZED BY THE INTEGRATION OF ALL THE COMPONENT PARTS OF A PATTERN OF MOVEMENT INTO A WELL COORDINATED, MECHANICALLY CORRECT, AND EFFICIENT ACT
- PERFORMANCE IMPROVES RAPIDLY