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Violence in Mass Media

By Hannah Groll

Children Scared to Watch Media Programs

"nearly two out of three programs contain physical violence... 70 percent of children's shows contain violence, with an average of fourteen violent interchanges in an hour."

Media Violence is Harmful to Youth

(Violence in the News Increases Children's Fear and Anxiety)

What is Media Violence?

  • media violence harms children by teaching them to use violence to settle conflicts

Media violence is often defined as the “depiction of violence on television and in movies, magazines, books, and video games."

Recently, violence shown in media such as in television, movies, music, and magazines has drastically increased, and unfortunately most of the violence is directed towards younger viewers.

Thesis

  • desensitizing them towards real-life violence

ehow.com

  • increasing their fear and anxiety

When?

Virtually since the beginning of media entertainment, the impact on children has been an issue.

Increased Anxiety and Fear

  • by causing them to commit real-life violence

Media Violence has always affected younger viewers in a somewhat negative way, but now even violence in the news has been on the rise.

Particularly psychologist Albert Bandura's work in the 1970s on social learning and the tendency of children to imitate what they see.

References

Violent News Coverage

Bowman, J. (2009). The Lack of Moral Context in Movies Is Harmful. In D. M. Haugen & S. Musser (Eds.), Opposing Viewpoints. Media Violence. Detroit: Greenhaven Press. (Reprinted from American Spectator, 2007, Jyne, 62-63) Retrieved from http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/ovic/ViewpointsDetailsPage/ViewpointsDetailsWindow?query=&prodId=OVIC&displayGroupName=Viewpoints&limiter=&source=&disablHighlighting=true&displayGroups=&sortBy=&search_within_results=action=2&xatId=&activityType=&documentId=GALE%7CEJ3010153263&userGroupName=newb2315&jsid=20855418532ad172d978e54fe22874c7

On- Screen Violence Lead to Distress

While there are inconclusive studies that violence in media causes violence in society, ultimately media violence can harm children by leading to emotional distress and aggressive behavior. Therefore, violence in mass media should be greatly reduced so that children will not be exposed to this violent entertainment.

  • Stories are shown because they are interesting and captivating
  • Nearly two out of three television programs contain violence

Castronova, E. (2010)Researchers Have Not Proven That Media Violence Merits Policy Changes. In S. Keisbye, At Issue. Is Media Violence a Problem?. Detroit: Greenhaven Press. (Reprinted from Media Violence, Aggression, and Policy, www.terranova.blogs.com, 2009, May, 25) Retrieved from http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/ovic/ViewpointsDetailsPage/ViewpointsDetailsWindow?query=&prodId=OVIC&displayGroupName=Viewpoints&limiter=&source=&disablHighlighting=true&displayGroups=&sortBy=&search_within_results=action=2&xatId=&activityType=&documentId=GALE%7CEJ3010187227&userGroupName=newb23175&jsid=34a5e3fd952739d19420c2e6c7153cca

News programs show "round-the-clock coverage of child abductions, war, terrorism, and even hurricanes (which) has made it difficult to shield young children from graphic news stories."

Media violence harms children. I (2002). J. Torr (Ed.), Is Media Violence A Problem? San Diego, CA. Greenhaven Press

Sternheimer, K. (2010). Media Violence Does Not Cause Youth Violence. In R. Espejo (Ed.), Opposing Viewpoints. Mass Media. Detroit: Greenhaven Press. (Reprinted from It's Not the Media: The Truth About Pop Culture's Influence on Children, 2003, Cambridge, MA: Westview Press) Retrieved from http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/ovic/ViewpointsDetailsPage/ViewpointsDetailsWindow?query=&prodId=OVIC&displayGroupName=Viewpoints&limiter=&source=&disablHighlighting=true&displayGroups=&sortBy=&search_within_results=action=2&xatId=&activityType=&documentId=GALE%7CEJ3010152283&userGroupName=newb23175&jsid=2eac2bc60411bc7c9d12b577460e09e0

Wilson, 2012

In Conclusion,

Wilson, B.J. (2012). Violence in the News Increases Children's Fear and Anxiety. In N. Berlatsky (Ed.), Opposing Viewpoints. Media Violence. Detroit: Greenhaven Press. (Reprinted from Media and Children's Aggression, Fear, and Altruism, The Future of Children, 1, 2008, Spring) Retrieved from http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/ovic/ViewpointsDetailsPage/ViewpointsDetailsWindow?query=&prodId=OVIC&displayGroupName=Viewpoints&limiter=&source=&disablHighlighting=true&displayGroups=&sortBy=&search_within_results=action=2&xatId=&activityType=&documentId=GALE%7CEJ3010153297&userGroupName=newb23175&jsid=712d54a51d865b55abafc71eaf763dff

http://www.apa.org/research/action/protect.aspx

Inconclusive Studies

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  • Some people argue that studies conducted on violence in media are incomplete so there is no serious connection between violence in mass media and violence taking place in real-life.

  • That "the scientific research on media violence has been hamper by eagerness to prove or disprove theories on the effects of violent content on young viewers."

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(Castronova, 2010)

However,

Controversy?

There is a casual connection between media and real-life violence.

"as media culture has expanded, children have become more violent. Children are prone to imitate media violence with deadly results. Research proves media violence is a major contributor to social problems."

(Sternheimer, 2010)

Some parents are concerned for their child's well-being and morality if they continue to be exposed to violent media, and want to take action. While others are not as concerned

Several hours of the day are spent watching movies, television, and listening to music and these media outlets can be very harmful if they involve violence.

How many hours of television do you think you watch per day?

Children between the ages of 8 and 18 spend on average over 4 hours a day watching television.

The affect of violent media on children

Media Violence harms children:

-by teaching them to use violence to settle conflicts

-by desensitizing them towards real-life violence

-increasing their fear and anxiety

-causing them to commit real life violence

Desensitization

http://www.youtube.com/v/oxyTO-Q40u4?version=3&start=39&end=69&autoplay=1&hl=en_US&rel=0

Children who spend too much time watching violent and graphic television shows and movies are more likely to be unprepared if a violent occurrence happens to them in real- life.

What do you think is the greatest influence on youth violence?

A) Gangs

D) Entertainment

There should be more action taken towards censoring violent content, especially on children shows. Parents should be carefully monitoring what their children are watching, reading, or listening to.

B) Drugs

C) Bullying

D) Entertainment

  • decreases the likelihood that one will take action on behalf of a victim when violence occurs.
  • the average American child spends approximately 28 hours a week watching television, and approximately one hour a day playing video games or surfing the internet.

Violent Media Exposure

  • many programs that depict violence do not always portray the horrendous consequences that violence can lead to.

How do you think we can reduce violence throughout media?

What is Desensitization?

Desensitization refers to reduced responsiveness to actual violence caused by exposure to violence in the media.

However, studies do show...

"Entertainment violence feeds a perception that the world is a violent and mean place."

  • the increase in media violence is creating more violent youths

Media outlets can be educational and instructive but when violence is glamorized the programs being watched and the lessons being learned can be destructive.

  • children imitate media violence in deadly ways

Desensitization could be dangerous for young children who do not fully understand that the world is a dangerous place.

  • Many studies show that "viewing violence may lead to real life violence. children exposed to violent programming at a young age have a higher tendency for violent and aggressive behavior later in life than children who are not exposed." (Media Violence Harms Children)
  • young viewers cannot distinguish media violence from real violence

Sternheimer, 2010

The majority of "children who see a lot of violence are more likely to view violence as an effective way of settling conflicts; children exposed to violence are more likely to assume that acts of violence are acceptable behavior." (Media Violence Harms Children)

  • Combined with family breakdown, poor influences, the availability of weapons, and numerous other factors may all contribute to youth aggression, anti-social attitudes and violence.

Misguided Studies

J. Torr (Ed.), 2002

  • some scientists argue that studies are misguided and that assumptions are based on flawed facts.
  • "It is nonsensical to assume people who commit violent crimes have learned their aggression via watching television or playing video games, since even children have an understanding of the difference between real-life violence and symbolic representation of aggression."

Jenkins, 2010

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