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Judaism in Medieval Europe
3
Transcript
History
Left Israel when the Romans destroyed Jerusalem
Sephardim
- Ladino
- Spain, Portugal (Sephardim); North Africa, Middle East (Mizrachim)
Pretended conversion
Torture to force confessions
Persecution in Spain/Portugal
Types of Judaism
- Yiddish
- France, Germany, Eastern Europe
Orthodoxism
- Strict dietary laws
- Sabbath (cannot work on the seventh day)
- Traditional Dress - Orthodoxism
Anti-Semitism
Hatred/Prejudice of Jews, belief that the Jewish people is inferior (morally and physically)
- Accused of poisoning wells - cause of disease (Black Plague, etc.)
- 1300's
- Accused of ritual murder(blood libels against Jews)
Blood libel = excuse to kill Jews
1290 - England
1306/1394 - France
1492 - Spain
1497 - Portugal
1540 - Naples
1550 - Genoa/Venice
1582 - Holland
Burned at stake
Punishments
- Termination of civil rights
- Demand of conversion
- Burning of sacred books/houses - synagogue
- Labor
- Threatening of rabbis
- Travel/Passports forbidden
- Usury - money taken away
Also...
- Special taxes
- Denied right to own land
Jews killed in organinized massacres
- Special Clothing
- Badge (oval to star - related to Holocaust)
- Use of color yellow to distinguish Jews
Avoid Christian association with Jews
Over 4,700 Jews in a 7-acre Roman Jewish Ghetto
Ghettos
(Getos)
Persecution
Massacres of Jews
Blamed for death of Jesus
Jewish martyrdom
Exclusion of Jews from the feudal/manorial systems
The Jewish World
Pope Innocent the Third = against blood libels - 1199
Protected by church from compulsory conversion
Occupation - moneylending/banking
Most Jews became moneylenders
Work in industry and trade formed link between peasents and nobility
Judaism in Medieval Europe
by Sophie and Alex
Islam
Christianity
Judaism
Sicut Judaeis
Decline of feudalism
Less seperation between social classes
The few good things that were done for them:
Jerusalem = center of three major religions
Original contributer to anti-semitism
Crusades
Israel = 'spiritual homeland' of Jews
Special pointed hat worn by Jews
- seen as enemies because they rejected Christ
- lost homeland = judgement of God (Christian Faith)
Scapegoat
Jews' special quarters in the Middle Ages
Ashkenazim
Not allowed to leave their home
Ghetto Ruins
Spanish Inquisition
Pogroms
Had to pay Catholic officials
Conditions:
- Cramped
- Small
- Segregated
Marranos (= Jews)
Explusion
Usury - act of lending money at a very high interest rate
Shtreimel
(modern clothes)
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