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“Science is often described as an iterative and cumulative process, a puzzle solved piece by piece, with each piece contributing a few hazy pixels of a much larger picture. But the arrival of a truly powerful new theory in science often feels far from iterative. Rather than explain one observation or phenomenon in a single, pixelated step, an entire field of observations suddenly seems to crystallize into a perfect whole. The effect is almost like watching a puzzle solve itself.”
Siddhartha Mukherjee: The Emperor of All Maladies
...the story behind the numbers!
Creation and development of (big) databases is not only an IT problem
The ability of analysis and evaluation of input data and results: high-level knowledge of food chain science is needed enabling interpretation and validation.
gleamviz.org
2050: 9.3 billion people expected
international trade in food and feed is expected to rise significantly in order to nourish the global population
The sensed globalization is far from finished, actually this process is only the beginning and the world we know is more local than global: both our personal relations and business connections are realised in our direct environment.
Pankaj Ghemawat and Steven A. Altman: DHL GLOBAL CONNECTEDNESS INDEX 2012. Analyzing global flows and their power to increase prosperity
7 countries (5 EU member states, the USA and China) form the core of the international agro-food trade network, each trading with over 77% of all the countries in the world
Ercsey-Ravasz, M., Toroczkai, Z., Lakner, Z. & Baranyi, J. Complexity of the International Agro-Food Trade Network and Its Impact on Food Safety. PLoS ONE 7, e37810 (2012)
Ercsey-Ravasz, M., Toroczkai, Z., Lakner, Z., & Baranyi, J. (2012). Complexity of the International Agro-Food Trade Network and Its Impact on Food Safety. (V. Colizza, Ed.) PLoS ONE, 7(5), e37810. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0037810
From the dawn of the civilization to 2003 humans produced 5 exabytes of data.
Now we produce 5 exabytes every 2 days.
S. Keola, M. Andersson and O. Hall: “Monitoring development from space: Using night-time light and land cover data as proxies of economic growth”
(via http://www.economist.com/blogs/banyan/2013/09/measuring-local-economies)
Policy-related scientific problems:
Policy makers are required to make difficult and firm decisions based on data characterized by high levels of uncertainty.
Global life expectancy (weighted average) and by world region, 1770-2012
Source: xkcd.com
Source: Susanne Hertirch
Fouré, Jean, Agnès Bénassy-Quéré and Lionel Fontagné:
The World Economy in 2050: a Tentative Picture, Paris, 2010 .