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Agricultural society

Absolute Monarchs

Born there - You stayed there forever

King

Nobles

Peasants

Philosophers

Mary Wollstonecraft

Chapter 17 Section 1

World History

Old Regime

Strict Class System

God

My symbol of power is the Bishop's hands

Divine Right Monarchs

King's right to rule given by God

All of King's decisions sanctified by God

and therefore unquestionable.

So King's rule not subject to any earthly

powers - not even the church.

My symbol of power

is the scepter

Nobles were also in charge

of the justice system.

Nobles lived a life of leisure and luxury. They lived in extravagant homes and dressed in sumptuous clothing.

Nobles enjoyed many privileges of station (example: titles, land, the right to exact labor and taxes from the peasants and artisans who worked on their lands, and the right to vote. Often they were exempt from national taxes)

The symbol of power

for nobles was the sword

Officially recognized Church

Due to increased trade, some businessmen and merchants were becoming very wealthy but they were still considered part of the peasant class.

Policy of strong monarchs was called

mercantilism - all trade was for the benefit of the state

Peasants were responsible for paying taxes to their king, taxes to their lords, serving on road and work crews and tithing to the church. Many were poor and illiterate.

New Ideas =

Enlightenment!

Effects of

Enlightenment

Ideas

Political Thought

Social Thought

education

Economic Thought

psychology

Revolutions!

Rousseau

Voltaire

I do not agree with what you have to say, but I'll defend to the death your right to say it.

Diderot

Montesquieu

1588-1679

England

American Revolution

"The divine right of husbands, like the divine right of kings, may, it is hoped, in this enlightened age, be contested without danger."

Adam Smith

French Revolution

Russian Revolution

NEWTON

Scientific

Revolution

1642-1727

Chinese Revolution

Renaissance

Descartes

Bacon

1561-1626

1596-1650

Kepler

1571-1630

European and Latin American Revolutions

GALILEO

1564-1642

Arabic

Numerals

"Mathematics is the language in which God has written the universe."

A Rebirth of ideas from Ancient Greece and Rome

Galileo 's experimental method made him "Father of modern science"

Copernicus

1472-1543

Humanism

New Trade

Patrons of the Arts

Italian City States

Gutenberg's

printing press

The Reformation

Protestant Reformation

Martin Luther

Counter-reformation

or Catholic Revival

Enlightenment Ideas Spread

(cc) photo by theaucitron on Flickr

Meetings

Arts & Literature

Enlightened Despots

traveled in disguise

Joseph II

religious equality

ended censorship

Censorship

abolished serfdom

reforms ended

after his death

Catherine the Great

equality and liberty

abolished torture

Ideas, art and music

religious tolerance

Music

charter of rights for nobles

Novels

criticized serfdom

Art, architecture, sculpture

expanded power

expanded empire

Women

stronger monarchy

Frederick II

student of Voltaire

religious tolerance

disdain for torture

the power of reason

and observation

Francis Bacon

(cc) photo by medhead on Flickr

HOBBES

Natural

Sciences

Biology

Geology

Chemistry

LOCKE

1632-1704

England

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