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Transcript

The History of

The Silk Road

Ideas

Places

People

Khubilai Khan

Alexander the Great

Sir Aurel Stein

  • Grandson of Genghis Khan
  • Mongolian and Political Leader
  • Conquered Southern China in 1279
  • Did severe damage to Silk Road
  • Led Mongols to greatest moment of glory
  • When Khan conquered the Silk Road, it was the 3rd Golden Age
  • Land from eastern Europe to the Pacific Ocean
  • Turned away from Mongol nomadic culture
  • Khan installed Yuan Dynasty
  • He changed capital of China to Beijing
  • Rebuilt Grand Canal
  • Used money which wasn’t necessary to restore China’s Prestige
  • Met Marco Polo, a trader from Venice, and made him a government official
  • Marco praised him and wrote about him
  • Khan died from eating too much

Alexander conquered vast territories of western and central Asia by 323 BCE. As a result of his conquests, Greek ideas influenced much of central Asian culture. After his death, Alexander's empire disintegrated.

356-323 BCE

Greek Influences:

grapevine

metalworking

art

architecture

Third Golden Era

Second Golden Era

First Golden Era

ca. 1279 CE

ca. 1920 CE

Future?

ca. 1290 CE

ca. 629 CE

ca. 120 BCE

ca. 1271 CE

1700 CE

700 CE

200 CE

1200 CE

2013

323 BCE

Zhang Qian

Rabban bar Sauma

-He became a Monk at age 23

-Nestorian Christianity

-Thought that Jesus was two people, a man and a divine son of God

-It is now Islam

-Third great era of the Silk Road

-He did not make it all the way there because of local fighting

-Gained fame because of becoming a teacher and decided to make a pilgramage to Jerusalem

-He was one of the first people from East Asia to reach Western Europe

  • 1254 - Born in Venice, Italy
  • 1271 - Met Mongol imperial envoys
  • Kubilai Khan asked Polos to bring Friars to preach Christianity in China
  • Kubilai Khan sent Marco Polo on government trips all over China
  • Stayed in Kubilai Khan's court as a guest for 17 years
  • 1297 - returned to Venice
  • Wrote many stories about China

Reference:

Xuan Zang

• Born in 602 CE

• 15 years studying Buddhist philosophy and mastering Buddhist doctrines and principles

• Buddhist teachings, the different translations confused him

• He decided to travel to India to study the original versions of the Buddhist teachings and to talk with other Buddhist Monks

• He thought that this was the only way to clarify the errors

• Autumn of 629 CE, Xuan Zang began his pilgrimage from China to India

• Xuan Zang journeyed across hot deserts

• Encountered oasis towns

• Then he faced steep, icy mountain ranges of Hindu Kush where people died of illnesses brought by harsh weather conditions

• Xuan Zang reached India, he spent over 10 years studying the original teachings of Buddha

• He visited Buddhist temples, gathered hundreds of Buddhist records and writing to carry back to China and then translated Original Buddhist teachings into Chinese

• Xuan Zang wished to carry the original teachings of Buddha back to China to teach and enlighten the Buddhist followers

• Began back to China in 643 CE

• Xuan Zang brought many new schools of Buddhist thought to China and contributed to religion’s maturity in the country

• His travels are in “Journey To The West”, a Chinese novel

Marco Polo

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