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Where is the CPU?
The CPU sits in the motherboard of the central unit
The main components of
the processor
- Control Unit (CU)
- Arithmetic & Logic Unit (ALU)
- Registers
The
Central Processing Unit
The CPU is the most powerful chip in our computer. It is the brain of the
computer.
Structure of the CPU
Arithmetic Logic Unit
Accumulator
Control Unit
Program Counter
Instruction Register
Bus:
Transfer of data
There exist 3 different types of system buses;
Control Unit:
The manager of the CPU, decodes instructions and controls the operations done by the ALU
- Control Bus
- Address Bus
- Data Bus
Instruction register:
Stores a copy of the current instruction being executed
How fast can the CPU work?
Program counter:
Stores the address of the next instruction in the program to be executed
Arithmetic Logic Unit:
Arithmetic and logic operations are carried out.
The speed of the cpu depends on:
- The word length
- the processor cycle time
- Cache memory
Word length
Cache memory
Cache is a special type of very fast Ram
The greater the word length, the better; 32 bit word length better than 16
Processor Cycle Time
Measured by the CPU internal clock (MIPS) or MHz
Hertz- Seconds
Kilohertz- Milliseconds
Megahertz - Microseconds
Nanohertz - Nanoseconds