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The Fallacy of Sustainable Meat
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John O'Donnell
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Updated Jun 4, 2020
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00:02 - 00:04
mate. Where would we be without it?
00:05 - 00:07
It is Sunday afternoon, and you have in the family
00:08 - 00:08
ever for a barbecue.
00:10 - 00:13
Everyone's happy and bonding over the delicious results with stakes
00:13 - 00:13
frying up.
00:15 - 00:18
Then someone offers you an organic vegan vegetable petty as
00:18 - 00:22
a substitute to the meat currently fry up and you
00:22 - 00:23
think to yourself, This is ridiculous.
00:24 - 00:25
Just enjoy the normal mate.
00:27 - 00:29
This is a constant train of thought that many of
00:29 - 00:29
us have experienced.
00:31 - 00:33
There is something inherently primal in the consumption of meat
00:33 - 00:36
for many of us, and we would be, it would
00:36 - 00:39
be it would be remiss to think that we didn't
00:39 - 00:40
a great deal to me.
00:41 - 00:45
Sustainable agriculture is pivotal to the sustainable growth for the
00:46 - 00:48
planet, and ensuring an environmental damage is minimised.
00:50 - 00:53
The beef industry, in particular, is responsible for environmental destruction.
00:54 - 00:57
So you must see and ask ourselves what can be
00:57 - 00:59
done to help alleviate this?
01:00 - 01:01
And what is the future for the meat industry?
01:04 - 01:06
A consumption of meat began as soon as we stop
01:06 - 01:09
swinging from the trees of sub Saharan Africa, but it
01:09 - 01:12
really became inaccessible commodity to many of us at the
01:13 - 01:17
advent off the wonderful Green Revolution so much of human
01:17 - 01:19
history. Much of the world's land was rudeness.
01:20 - 01:22
Forests and grasslands dominated the landscape.
01:23 - 01:26
But over the lost few centuries, this has changed dramatically.
01:27 - 01:32
As the 1st 2nd and third green revolutions began as
01:32 - 01:36
grain and rice production became more efficient, land cleared up
01:36 - 01:40
for the expansion of agriculture, which has now become humanity's
01:40 - 01:42
largest impact on the environment.
01:43 - 01:46
I lost for more efficient land use techniques, hurried extinction,
01:46 - 01:50
millions of species and it isn't looking to stop.
01:52 - 01:54
The green revolution was good for the global economy and
01:54 - 01:55
show, and it didn't show up.
01:55 - 01:58
Food production and output could increase to feed the world
01:58 - 01:59
starving population.
02:00 - 02:03
And we do know, see a world where world hunger
02:03 - 02:10
is only a fraction of what was initially now 29%
02:11 - 02:16
of the waters land, with 71% of it habitable off
02:16 - 02:19
That 71% 50% is used for agriculture.
02:21 - 02:24
Off that 50% 77% is used.
02:24 - 02:30
Flash stock, 26% of Earth land area and which is
02:30 - 02:31
consumption of ledge.
02:31 - 02:34
The calorie content of meat in a diet is only
02:34 - 02:40
18% compared to the 82% from plant based arts it
02:40 - 02:43
is not economical in a land based approach to farm
02:43 - 02:48
livestock, it damages the environment, consumes a great size of
02:48 - 02:52
agricultural lynch in a while, providing a fraction of the
02:52 - 02:52
calories in approaching.
02:53 - 02:58
We get from food minimal to start, some more damaging.
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For the meat industry to create one kilogram of steak,
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a typical beef cattle needs to consume 25 killers of
03:07 - 03:12
grain, and a whopping 15,000 liters of water is estimated.
03:13 - 03:15
With that amount of resources, we could nourish an additional
03:15 - 03:20
3.5 billion people a year, if only we ate the
03:20 - 03:22
plant based foods that we give to these animals.
03:24 - 03:28
The environmental impacts of today's main industry is astounding, as
03:28 - 03:30
well as accounting for a huge chunk of global greenhouse
03:31 - 03:31
gas emissions.
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70% of all fresh water that is extracted is used
03:36 - 03:40
for agricultural went, and another statistic that is not often
03:40 - 03:44
mentioned is a global ocean pollution that is being caused
03:44 - 03:45
to this day.
03:47 - 03:51
A whopping 78% of global ocean pollution is from the
03:51 - 03:51
food business.
03:52 - 03:54
When we look at ocean pollution, we often think of
03:55 - 03:59
polluting gas and oil giants such as BP rear genter,
04:00 - 04:04
but not much he's ever said about the Agra busy
04:04 - 04:06
agribusinesses. Impact on the environment.
04:07 - 04:10
Sure, it is talked about, and there has been Law
04:10 - 04:12
was implemented by the Queensland state government.
04:13 - 04:16
But when we think of ocean pollution, we drew often
04:16 - 04:21
think about oil companies 94% off.
04:21 - 04:24
Memo by Mess is from the animal industry and is
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not going away any time soon.
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And all this is just looking at it from a
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database standpoint, without incineration off the huge ethical boat off
04:33 - 04:35
killing billions of animals a year.
04:40 - 04:42
All of this is terrible for the environment or that
04:42 - 04:43
could be predicted.
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This is early looking to get worse.
04:46 - 04:49
Did you know that one of the strongest determines how
04:49 - 04:52
much meat people eat is how rich they are?
04:53 - 04:55
This is true when we make cross country comparisons.
04:56 - 05:00
When the relationship between per capita meat supply an average
05:00 - 05:04
GDP per capita is examined, it is easy to see
05:04 - 05:06
a strong relationship between wealth and the amount of meat
05:07 - 05:10
someone normally eats as a both.
05:10 - 05:13
The planet continues to grow exponentially with a middle closet
05:13 - 05:16
is growing out of control, especially in Asia.
05:17 - 05:18
It can be understood why there is a court of
05:18 - 05:22
panic as a meet demand is sure to continue to
05:22 - 05:28
rise. The ethical dilemma of killing billions of animals is
05:28 - 05:32
also out of control, with numbers skyrocketing each year.
05:34 - 05:38
Right now is estimated that we kill one billion sheep,
05:39 - 05:44
one billion pigs, 1.5 billion cattle and a whopping 23
05:45 - 05:47
billion chickens a year.
05:48 - 05:51
These numbers a huge and they've early doubled in the
05:51 - 05:52
last 20 years.
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The ship Me thing production that is ramping up increasing
05:56 - 05:58
cattle farming is particularly particularly unsustainable.
05:59 - 06:01
Has been currently credited as one of the main causes
06:02 - 06:03
for man made climate change.
06:05 - 06:08
Every country is seeing huge growth in the consumption of
06:08 - 06:15
animals. New Zealand, Australia, South Africa, Brazil, Mexico, the US,
06:16 - 06:24
Canada, Iceland, the UK, Nigeria, Turkey, Russia, China, India actually
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know India.
06:27 - 06:29
Man, the world has seemed to me is not society,
06:30 - 06:34
and animals are being forced into increasingly inhumane conditions to
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meet demands and to find the quarters.
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The answer conditions Animals appointed to means that rights of
06:42 - 06:44
affection from close contact with each other is high.
06:48 - 06:51
Antibiotics are important tool to treat animals with disease, with
06:51 - 06:54
any where they put the fruit of all cattle on
06:54 - 06:54
a daily basis.
06:56 - 07:00
This is impacts on human, animal and environmental health as
07:00 - 07:04
up to 90% off the antibiotic parent compounds can be
07:04 - 07:08
directly excreted, and this can lead to antibiotic resistance developing
07:09 - 07:09
in the environment.
07:11 - 07:15
It is estimated that 73% of antibiotics use worldwide are
07:16 - 07:16
consumed by kettle.
07:18 - 07:21
This is a huge threat, as any biotic resistance is
07:21 - 07:23
considered to be a serious threat to the future of
07:24 - 07:28
the human race, as Angie Byron resistant bacteria increases the
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numbers of anybody resistant infections.
07:32 - 07:34
There is good news for this, though, as any Brianna
07:34 - 07:37
Hughes and cattle farming has been banned in Europe and
07:37 - 07:40
assigned to see you come in the USA, this isn't
07:41 - 07:44
it, not the case for South America, Australia and Asia.
07:47 - 07:49
With a current growth in beef farming worldwide, though, is
07:50 - 07:52
likely. This wish issue will continue to persist.
07:53 - 07:55
It brings for the notion that while what is going
07:56 - 07:59
on is terrible for livelihood, the animals, the implications on
07:59 - 08:01
the survival of our planet are huge and even more
08:02 - 08:06
Jesse implications on the survival of the human race, an
08:06 - 08:10
antibiotic resistant anti bacterial virus, is not just a possible
08:10 - 08:15
threat, but unlikely reality for the future the current kervin
08:16 - 08:17
pandemic that is sweeping the globe.
08:18 - 08:20
You're showing the sheer cost of a deadly virus, making
08:21 - 08:24
it clear that any efforts to curtail the rise of
08:24 - 08:26
a superbug must be prioritised.
08:30 - 08:30
It seems unethical.
08:31 - 08:34
Be looking at curtailing meat production when world hunger remains
08:34 - 08:34
at large.
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Are we jumping the gun but trying to reduce meat
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consumption when people are still struggling to get their daily
08:41 - 08:48
meal? It is important to people's livelihood that they can
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continue to farm and make money.
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Humans have a lot to hurt me, and it's important
08:53 - 08:54
to know how we are the culture.
08:55 - 08:56
So what can we do?
09:00 - 09:00
There are a few things that we know.
09:03 - 09:06
One is that people across the globe up becoming increasingly
09:07 - 09:09
concerned about climate change.
09:09 - 09:11
Eight in 10 people with the climate change is a
09:11 - 09:15
major threat to that country, so linking food production and
09:16 - 09:19
especially the over farming of cattle as a main course
09:19 - 09:21
of climate change can see positive affirmative action.
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Three Production is responsible for 1/4 of the world's greenhouse
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gas emitting gas emissions, and more people are becoming aware
09:29 - 09:29
of this.
09:31 - 09:33
There is rightly a growing awareness that diet and free
09:33 - 09:36
joins have a significant impact on our carbon footprint.
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What can you do to really reduce the carbon footprint
09:39 - 09:40
off your daily meal?
09:42 - 09:43
Eating local is a recommendation.
09:43 - 09:45
You're here often even from prominent sources.
09:46 - 09:48
Such a ZX, The World Health Organization.
09:50 - 09:53
Well, while it might make sense intuitively, after all, transport
09:54 - 09:57
does lead to emission reductions, it is one of the
09:57 - 09:58
most Miss garden pieces of advice.
10:00 - 10:03
Eating likely would only have a significant impact if transport
10:03 - 10:05
was responsible for a large share of to foods.
10:06 - 10:09
Final carbon footprint for most for is this is actually
10:09 - 10:10
not the case.
10:12 - 10:15
Greenhouse gases grass emissions from transportacion make up a very
10:16 - 10:18
small amount of the emissions from food, and what you
10:18 - 10:20
eat is far more important than where your food traveled
10:21 - 10:25
from. The most important insight from this study is that
10:26 - 10:28
there are massive differences in the greenhouse gas emissions of
10:28 - 10:29
different foods.
10:30 - 10:33
Producing a kilogram of beef emits 60 kilograms of sea
10:33 - 10:37
off greenhouse gases, or sierra too well a kilogram of
10:38 - 10:42
keep off peas, and it's just one kilogram Overrule.
10:43 - 10:45
Animal based foods tend to have a higher footprint than
10:46 - 10:51
the plant based cannot pots cheese, for example, emits more
10:51 - 10:52
than 20 kilograms.
10:53 - 10:57
Poke 20 kilograms of sear to ho kilogram of weight,
10:58 - 11:00
while chicken and pork have lower footprints.
11:01 - 11:03
But it's still higher than most plant based foods at
11:03 - 11:08
six and seven CIA, too kilograms, respectively.
11:10 - 11:13
Transport is a small contributor to overall C two emissions.
11:14 - 11:16
For most pre foot food products.
11:16 - 11:19
It accounts for less than 10% and it's much smaller
11:19 - 11:21
for the largest greenhouse gas emitter.
11:21 - 11:24
Me. Amid is in beef from beef herds is estimated.
11:25 - 11:29
The transportation of the cattle really can fit 0.25% off
11:30 - 11:30
the total emissions.
11:32 - 11:34
And this is not just transport, but all processes in
11:35 - 11:35
the supply.
11:35 - 11:39
After the food left the farm, such as the transport,
11:39 - 11:43
the packaging, the harvesting off the animal, they all campus
11:44 - 11:47
a very small share off the actual end off time
11:47 - 11:52
emissions. Sir, what can we do about the meat industry?
11:54 - 11:58
First obvious option is to go vegetarian, but for many
11:58 - 11:59
this is just unrealistic.
12:01 - 12:01
Let's face it.
12:02 - 12:06
Burgers, steaks, de boned chicken stuffed into a deeper and
12:06 - 12:08
duck further stuffed into a deeper in turkey.
12:08 - 12:13
Minister Doc in is delicious for many of us simply
12:13 - 12:16
cutting out meat all together seems like a mammoth task.
12:18 - 12:21
What one can do is to start looking at meat
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substitution in looking at ways you can reduce your intake
12:24 - 12:28
of beef in particular, maybe once a week swap at
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a state enough for a meat free bowling days, there's
12:32 - 12:34
millions of substitution and a way to inflicting.
12:34 - 12:38
Positive change on the world begins with small dietary changes.
12:40 - 12:42
If everyone in Australia swept out one meal awake for
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a vegetarian option that is 25 million list serves of
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meat a week.
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You scale this toe a global scale.
12:50 - 12:52
The the impact would be inconceivable.
12:55 - 12:57
That would show a sizeable impact on the global demand
12:57 - 12:59
for meat production and, in turn, reduce water consumption.
13:00 - 13:06
Three wasted and importantly, me saying that foot there is
13:07 - 13:09
another future for the meat industry, and that is lab
13:09 - 13:09
grown meats.
13:10 - 13:14
Many startups have successfully created lab grown meats that unidentified
13:15 - 13:16
indistinguishable to the real deal.
13:17 - 13:19
But there are issues and scaling to mass production as
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of right now.
13:21 - 13:23
But it is expected that in the future, lab grown
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meats will be a more competitive substitute to meet too
13:28 - 13:31
many of us that we feel that our impact on
13:31 - 13:34
this planet is money and didn't realistic sense.
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That is correct.
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But three small changes.
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Great changes are made possible.
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The current rate of mix assumption is clearly unsustainable.
13:43 - 13:45
But with small changes in a diet, it is possible
13:45 - 13:48
that we culturally could enter a time where meat consumption
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isn't a necessity with every meal, just adoption.
13:53 - 13:53
Thank you for listening.
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