Philippine Education in the Third Republic

Hi,

I'm Christine mania labrador and I'm a grade six teacher

of valencia City Central School division of Valencia city.

My deep respect to our professor Dr Vienna Baron for allowing

us all to share with you different topics assigned to us,

especially on the part of education.

Okay, so what is assigned to me is on the third republic,

the Philippine education in the third republic.

This is actually the second half report of Sir robert Heaney.

Great.

So right now we will be talking about the highlights,

the timeline and educational reforms.

Great. Now let's talk about the highlights.

Okay, for the highlights, the service eligibility of teachers was made permanent,

which is great and then the life works and writings

of dr Jose Rizal was included in all levels,

the magna carta for public school teachers.

This republic act 46 70 was enacted.

The rise of barrio schools,

non formal education and vocational training came into existence.

Educational development were formulated to bridge the gap

between manpower development and the needs of industries,

provision for a guidance program in every

secondary school provision for adult education,

curricular contents that stressed social orientation

is manifested by the conservation of the

Filipino heritage training for occupation and then

we have promotion of democratic nation building

and a new thrust on community development

and this part here which is which is really highlight like

personally a daily flag ceremony was made compulsory in all schools,

including the singing of the national

anthem.

You know what,

I have a friend um who came to the

Philippines and told me that she really respect Filipinos,

why?

Because she noticed in her stay here in the Philippines

that every single day a flag was raised and then

all Filipino citizens would really stop

and sing

the national anthem. And she was like,

wow,

that is so unusual. I mean

that is so unique that that shows their love for their country

and

that was a remarkable statement for all of us.

And then we have compulsory enrollment of Children in the public school

upon reaching seven years of age and completion of elementary grades.

That's the highlight

the summary of the 3rd Republic. Now, who initiated

The educational reform in the 3rd Republic.

The popularization of education was initiated by the Americans.

With Act 74 implemented in 1901,

which paved the way for the establishment of secular schools in the Philippines.

Thank God for them. And then what's the impact on this?

The impact,

especially on the higher education? Um, it became popular in the country.

University and college enrollment continued to increase

and then private universities and colleges increased in numbers.

Public high schools were constructed to give poor Children a chance to study

public schools were plagued with high enrollment,

low salaries for teachers and inadequate resources.

That's the sad part.

And then private institutions were established by people primarily to

profit and not really mindful of providing quality education.

Then we have community activities became part of school activities in rural areas

such as about the iron will Akane and Pampanga

village Nurseries were established where siblings were distributed at

low cost to the farmers and then lastly,

adults were taught the methods and techniques of grafting,

raising hogs and dogs breeding, feeding and disease control.

How about the results?

Let's go back.

Okay. The result uplifting the masses from poverty, culture.

And then various presidents of the third Republic had given priority

to the development of the filipino culture in their respective fields.

Now, who were the president's

check?

Okay, so we have here for the second half of the report

I'm going to introduce to you.

First up we have Carlos P. Garcia. He is the third

Ah in his first term was on March 18,

to December 13, 19

57. And then second term december 13 1957 until december 13 1961 elected.

So he was the eighth president of the Philippines and then the fourth president of

the third republic and he amended the

19 35 constitution together with estado Macapagal.

The same constitution that he amended. Okay, just

is the

9th President of the Philippines and then 5th President of the Third Republic

and then last but not least in the third Republic. We have Ferdinand E.

Marcus, here's the third,

I mean he's the 10th president of the Philippines and

then the sixth and last President of the third republic.

So he had three terms

And then he amended the 1935 Constitution with the 1973 Constitution,

which will be discussed

later.

Great,

okay, lets now move on to the timeline.

Okay, again, Carlos P Garcia

was from 1957 to 1960. Let's have some highlights about him.

He is known for his Filipino first policy,

which put the interest of the Filipino people above

those of foreigners and of the ruling parties.

So he deeply encouraged Filipinos to appreciate their own products and really

monetize whatever is in the country.

Okay, next up in 1961-1965, we have,

okay, they surprised me when I was researching his term,

the study Macapagal is of royal blood due

to his descent from their great great grandfather,

Don juan Macapagal, who was a prince of Condo,

who was a great grandson of the last reigning raja

raja

Pandora.

And then of course we have

fred AnAnd e maRCoS,

he's the 10th president in the era era and

then the sixth President of the third Republic.

Okay,

So this was his remarkable statement in 1949, he said,

elect me your Congressman now and I'll give you an anaconda president in 20 years.

Okay, it is generally known that Marcus had the most infrastructure,

infrastructure and constitutional accomplishments,

which were equivalent to those of all former presidents of the Philippines.

Okay, great, moving on, let's go to the reforms of the Philippines,

educational reforms,

Let's start with Carlos P. Garcia from 1957 to 1960.

So what he is really serious about is

on the non formal education and vocational training.

Okay. As a measure of ensuring effective

Instruction, the full day primary school session,

which the Philippines had before the implementation

of Commonwealth Act 586 has been restored

and the maximum size of classes has been reduced from 60 to 40 pupils.

That was in his time. But I still wonder why

right now.

Um, I mean not during this time, like pre pandemic,

like

years back.

Mm hmm.

We had like about 60 pupils in our classroom,

but for now, of course we have a lesser number.

But it's just a wonder to me

anyway. The vernacular has been used

as a medium of instruction in the first two years of the primary grades,

thereby promoting optimum literacy,

especially among those pupils who can stay in school for only a few years,

and then the teaching of science and mathematics,

as well as the improvement of the vocational curricula received greater impetus.

That's for Carlos P Garcia.

Yeah,

okay, moving on, let's have the next one.

That was in 1961 - 1965. Let's see the highlights about his educational reform

only by increasing the budget for education.

He was able to solve the recurring

school crisis brought about by rapid population growth

in the area of higher education.

The progress achieved by the university of

the Philippines is worthy of special mention.

It has won the recognition and support

of american foundations in an unprecedented manner.

And it and it has attracted asian students in increasing number

in the development of skilled manpower, in agricultural industry,

Trade, technical fishery and other vocational areas.

It is heartening to report that.

Whereas in 1961 to 1962,

the Bureau of Vocational educational had 174 schools with an enrollment of 68,769.

The school year in 1964 to 1965 finds it with 30 more schools and 17009 and 8,

8 more students

now to better equip adult illiterates

For greater opportunities for education authorities um have

implemented a program of adult education's about 18,242,

adult illiterates have taken advantage of the agricultural program

and then education of officials have expanded

a major share of their energies towards

the upgrading of the quality of of graduates through

the revision of curricula and the selection of qualified

personal wow, thank God for them.

So his focus really is on society's cultural identity.

Next up, we have Ferdinand in Marcus from 1965 to 1986.

Now for President Ferdinand de Marcus,

he was more on manpower development and needs of industry.

So he

Actually had a decree on 1972 on educational development shall

be known as the educational development degree of 1972.

So what is this about?

It is a declaration of policy and it is heard by declared to be

the policy of the government to ensure within the context of a free and democratic

system,

maximum contribution of the educational system to the

attainment of the following national development goals.

So what are this? Actually?

This is quite lengthy,

but I'm just gonna I'm just giving you the gist of it so that you know,

um how it was reformed during markets time.

So we have here to achieve and maintain

an accelerating rate of economic development and social progress

to assure the maximum participation of all

the people in the entertainment and enjoyment of

the benefits of such growth and to

strengthen national consciousness and promote desirable cultural values

in a changing

world.

Great, so that was during the time of

maRCOS

awesome.

Okay,

so that's about it.

Thank you so much for listening and I

hope that you learned something from this report.

All the best

Philippine Education in the Third Republic

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